Cuidados de enfermagem ao paciente onco-hematológico em paliação: um olhar sobre a teoria final de vida pacífico

Abstract

Currently, there is evidence of a transformation movement in the area of care, in an attempt to resume assistance that harmonizes technical-scientific, moral and spiritual knowledge, in order to add positive results in the individual's life during the health-disease transition process. In this context, the nursing team dedicated to the care of oncohematological patients who requires specialized knowledge fits. Thus, palliative care emerges as an effective tool, capable of combining humanistic and scientific care, with a view to improving the quality of life of patients diagnosed with a life-threatening disease. The general objective is to apprehend nursing care for oncohematological patients in palliation in the light of the Peaceful End of Life Theory. As specific objectives: 1. Identify the knowledge of the oncohematology nursing team about palliative care; 2. Describe how the nursing team takes care of oncohematological patients undergoing palliation; 3. Know the factors that facilitate or hinder nursing care for oncohematological patients undergoing palliation. This is exploratory research with a qualitative approach, carried out in an onco-hematology unit of a teaching hospital in the city of Salvador-Bahia. Data collection took place after approval by the Ethics Committee. The participants were 12 nurses and 10 nursing technicians who work in the sector. Data were obtained through a sociodemographic characterization questionnaire and an interview with a semi-structured script. After the interview, the testimonies were analyzed using Bardin's Content Analysis technique and the results discussed in the light of the Pacific End of Life Theory. The following categories emerged: 1. Understanding of PC by the nursing team; 2. Nursing care for peaceful end-of-life to oncohematologic patients in palliation; 3. Facilities and difficulties in palliative patient care. The nursing team's understanding of palliative care is superficial, however, participants are concerned about offering comfort and quality of life to patients and their families, through actions that value physical, emotional and spiritual well-being. Participants recognize the difficulty in dealing with death and assisting patients in emotional aspects. They refer to a gap in an active multidisciplinary team to serve both the patient and the health team. Permanent education in palliative care is a concrete tool in the training of these professionals to care for the patient in the process of finitude.