Comportamento sexual e reprodutivo e padrão do consumo de drogas de muheres de uma comunidade rural

Abstract

However, the rural environment takes over new settings, resulting from the influence of social and gender constructions. In this context, emphasis is given to rural women, characterized by exclusion, depreciation, tough working hours, subordination, among other factors that have contributed toward health risks and diseases. In addition, in view of the context in which they live, many resort to alcohol and other drugs as a means to face their social condition. Thus, the present paper is based on the assumption that rurality interferes in the social context and health and illness process, mainly in relation to the exercise of one’s sexuality and consumption of alcohol and other drugs. Accordingly, the present research had the following objectives: to establish a health diagnosis in relation to the sexual and reproductive behavior and the consumption of alcohol and other drugs of women from a rural community; analyze the sociodemographic profile of women living in a rural community; characterize sexual and reproductive behavior; verify the consumption pattern of alcohol and other drugs; develop actions for health promotion, protection and recovery. There were 259 women who took part in the study, living in the Monte Gordo, Camaçari-Ba. rural community. The data were organized and processed in the software Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) version 20.0, where descriptive and inferential analyses were carried out. The results identified during the diagnostics phase indicate that the women were mostly of ages between 30 and 49 years (48.3%), black or brown (89.2%), catholic or evangelical (74.5%), with up to 9 years of schooling (46.3%), and family income of up to one minimum wage (68%). In relation to sexual and reproductive behavior, there was a higher proportion of women had already given birth (91.9%), used some form of contraceptive method (67.2%), who did not know how transmission of sexually transmitted infections occur (62.2%) and who are not aware of counseling and testing services for infections (65.6%). As to the pattern of consumption of alcohol and other drugs, the substances most commonly used were alcohol (83.4%) and tobacco (36.7%), followed by sedatives/hypnotics (7.7%), marihuana (5.4%), and amphetamines (5.4%). It was necessary to adapt the action phase due to the fact that collective activities were not possible due to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil and worldwide. Thus, priority was given to individual health education for women and their partners, with a higher offer of contraceptive methods, cervical-vaginal tests and complementary exams. Educational materials were produced related to sexually transmitted infections, on how to render the use of preservatives more pleasurable and on mechanisms for Damage Mitigation. The findings contribute towards enhancing the outlook on the specificities of rural women, considering the impacts that rural settings have on social, family and health aspects for these women. Accordingly, the study collaborates towards knowledge in Nursing and Healthcare, enabling the sharing of elements that guarantee the integrality of healthcare, contributing towards mitigating vulnerabilities regarding this population.