Perfil clínico e epidemiológico de crianças e adolescentes com doenças reumáticas autoimunes em ambulatório de referência em Reumatologia Pediátrica de Salvador, Bahia

Abstract

Introducion: Most of autoimmune rheumatic diseases present a chronic evolution, marked by periods of remission and exacerbation of clinical manifestations. A striking feature is the exposure of patients to medications with a high impact on quality of life. In Bahia, studies of the prevalence of autoimmune rheumatic diseases are scarce, making it necessary to have an overview of the profile of these diseases in the State. Objectives: Describe the demographic, clinical, laboratory and therapeutic characteristics of children and adolescents with autoimmune rheumatic diseases in a referral outpatient clinic of SUS in Pediatric Rheumatology of Salvador Bahia. Methodology: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study with a convenience sample of children and adolescents from this clinic between December 2009 and December 2016 at the Pediatric Rheumatology outpatient clinic, including diagnoses of juvenile idiopathic arthritis, Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatic fever, juvenile dermatomyositis, juvenile scleroderma and mixed connective tissue diseases. The data were obtained secondary, through a review of medical records. Results: In a total of 169 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of autoimmune rheumatic disease, 75 were diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, 31 with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus, 42 with rheumatic fever, 11 with juvenile dermatomyositis, 06 with juvenile scleroderma, and 04 with mixed connective tissue diseases. The majority of the patients were female (59.2%), and brown patients (58.4%) and 71% of these patients were not from Salvador. Low hemoglobin, low hematocrit and high HSV were the main laboratory abnormalities observed. The most used drug therapy were immunosuppressants, mainly methotrexate, followed by corticosteroids and non-hormonal aintinflamatorios Discussion: The pediatric rheumatology services accompany children and adolescents with various diseases and diverse prognoses. In the pediatric rheumatology department of this study, less than half of the patients (32%) were included in the study because of institutional limitations such as lack of access to medical records, lack of diagnostic confirmation in a timely manner for insertion of the data, or confirmed diagnosis of other Diseases. Conclusion: The majority of the patients attending the Pediatric Rheumatology Outpatient Clinic accredited to the SUS in Salvador-BA with a diagnosis of autoimmune rheumatic disease are diagnosed as having juvenile idiopathic arthritis, are female, have a brown color, and were treated with immunosuppressants.