Reforma trabalhista brasileira de 2017: efeitos da criação do trabalho intermitente e da flexibilização do trabalho parcial sobre a construção civil

Abstract

The goal of this study is to assess the effects of the Brazilian labor reform regarding the creation of the intermittent labor contract and the flexibilization of the part-time job, on employment, hours of work, and wages in the construction industry between 2017 and 2019. The labor law reform in Brazil promoted substantial changes in labor regulation, which has prompted intense debate. Most evidence from international experiences indicated that labor flexibilization promotes an increase in employment, which may be offset by a social loss. The microeconomic model presented in this study indicates that, by increasing the set of possibilities for labor allocation through flexible hiring arrangements, there is an increase in employment and an uncertain impact on wages. Considering this economic model, this study aims to assess the extent to which the labor reform impacted the construction industry. To do so, the study uses a panel database for firms in this industry at the national level to estimate two econometric models. The purpose of these models is to examine the effects of the intermittent labor contract and the flexibilization of the part-time job on the labor market. The study adopts the difference-in-difference model and the fixed effects estimator. The data were extracted from RAIS. The results point out that, in the construction industry, the flexibilization of labor contracts promoted an increase in employment and a decrease in real wages and hours of work required by firms.