Análise histomorfométrica do uso da Matricaria recutita e da fotobiomodulação laser em mucosa oral de ratos

Abstract

Introduction: Due to its biological properties, chamomile (M. recutita) has been used in wound healing. However, its effect on normal oral mucosa as well as its association with laser photobiomodulation therapy (TFBML) has not been documented yet. Objective: To verify the tissue pattern of the normal oral mucosa under topical action of chamomile and to evaluate the repair of an experimental ulcer made in the oral mucosa after topical use of chamomile alone or associated with TFBML. Methods: Male Wistar rats were submitted to topical use of chamomile applied to normal buccal mucosa and to a 5mm diameter surgical wound made on the dorsum of the tongue, as well as being evaluated for the application of chamomile to normal tissue (buccal mucosa). The animals were allocated in the experimental groups: Baseline, Control, Chamomile Extract fluid, Chamomile Infusion 1, Chamomile Infusion 2, Laser, Laser + Chamomile Infusion. Euthanasia was scheduled for days 3, 7 and 14 after the surgical procedure. Clinical, morphological and morphometric analyzes were performed in Hematoxylin and Eosin and Red Sirius. Results: No clinical changes were observed in the normal cheek mucosa where chamomile was applied. The morphological and morphometric characteristics evaluated showed similarity between the experimental groups and the control/baseline group, with no statistical differences between them. When comparing the therapies chosen for ulcers' repair on the dorsum of the tongue, it was noted that, in general, the Fluid Extract and Laser groups were able to modulate the exudative and proliferative phases of tissue repair, both clinically and histologically. The groups that used chamomile only under infusion or in association with laser did not show significant differences in relation to the control group in most of the parameters evaluated. Conclusion: Topical application of M. recutita under different formulations did not cause clinical or histological changes in normal oral lining tissue. Despite the difference in the parameters of clinical, histological and histomorphometric patterns that showed superiority of TFBML in the performed analyses, both therapies positively modulated the different stages of surgical wound repair, however, with better results when applied alone.