Resumo:
Introduction: Amyloidosis refers to a set of diseases in which protein
fragments, folded in a highly stable configuration, are pathogenically deposited
in the extracellular space of organs and tissues as insoluble fibrils. The reason
these fibrils accumulate is not yet clearly elucidated. Once amyloid is formed,
susceptible patients have a reduced ability to mobilize and degrade it. With
accumulation of proteins, a distortion in the size and shape of the organs
occurs, resulting in malfunction. The larynx and tongue are the most common
sites of deposition in the upper airways, which results in dysphonia, salivation
and changes in airway protection. When the oral cavity is affected, an easily
identified aspect is macroglossia. Objectives: This study seeks to identify the
speech therapy demand in patients with amyloid deposit disease and what
interventions speech therapy can propose together with the other professionals
of the multidisciplinary team. Methodology: This is an integrative review with a
search for publications in PubMed, Lilacs, SciELO, SciVerse Scopus databases
and in the repositories of state and federal public education institutions, with no
period restriction. Results: Of the 224 articles found, only 18 were selected for
the final sample. Among the main findings, it is noted that most of the studies
described subjects with clinical manifestations of amyloidosis presenting
difficulty in swallowing, followed by voice alterations and, finally, speech
alterations. It was also observed the presence of penetration and aspiration,
use of tracheostomy by the patients and an improvement in the swallowing
function, after speech therapy. Conclusion: We can find speech therapy
demands in patients with amyloid deposit disease, and these issues promote
impacts on the functions involving the stomatognathic system, especially in
swallowing, voice and speech, areas of intervention that speech therapy
potentially acts.
