Decomposição do comércio de valor adicionado nas relações intersetoriais entre os BRIC nas cadeias globais de valor

Abstract

This Thesis assesses the share of the BRIC in the Global Value Chains (GVCs) and the patterns of evolution of trade in value-added and vertical specialization indicators in intra-BRIC trade. We assume that the productive linkages generated by trade gains contribute to countries' economic growth and development. To this end, we used World Input-Output Database (WIOD). We applied the decomposition model methodology of intermediate goods and trade flows, whose interpretation of the results adheres to recent vertical specialization and trade in value-added theories. We calculated sixteen components of trade from domestic value-added (DVA), value-added returning from third countries and direct importers (RDV), foreign valueadded in exports (FVA), and pure double counting terms (PDC). Aggregating the FVA and PDC components allowed obtaining each BRIC member country's degree of vertical specialization. The results of the Thesis point to the expressive advance of China in its share in the GVCs and the intra-BRIC value-added trade, mainly in the exchange of high, medium-high, and medium technology goods. On the other hand, Brazil and Russia were stagnant in GVCs and stood out only in value-added trade in medium-low and low-technology goods. India's most significant advance has been in trade in medium-technology goods, and there was an increase in the share of the Indian economy in GVCs concerning Brazil and Russia. Regarding trade intensity, India and China stood out in vertical specialization indicators, mainly for high, medium-high, and medium technology industries. On the other hand, the trade intensity of Brazil and Russia is focused on domestic value-added components. Therefore, we highlighted the need for expansion and political cooperation among the BRIC to create capacities and industrial linkages to generate gains in value-added trade, organizational capacity, technological absorption, diffusion, and economic growth and development.