Epidemiologia dos deslocamentos do disco da atm: avaliação por ressonância magnética

Abstract

The disc displacement is the most common precursor of temporomandibular dysfunction and, from it, other alterations of the articular surfaces can be observed. For this reason, the prevalence with which the types of displacement affect the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) becomes important information for the diagnosis and therapy of this joint disorder. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 1,017 patients who underwent bilateral TMJ MRI examination, in parasagital and paracoronal sections, in the open mouth and closed mouth positions, totaling 2,034 TMJ imaging records. After analysis and classification of disc displacements, these were associated with gender, age and presence of degenerative changes of patients and their respective joints, using Pearson's chi-square test. Of the total, 78% female patients, 75.22% had disc displacement (DD) and the most prevalent type was the anterior partial of the lateral segment. In addition, there was an association between the presence of DD, especially without reduction, and the presence of degenerative joint changes (ADs), with the condyle being the most affected joint bone component and the most advanced age groups the most prevalent of degenerative changes. Therefore, it can be seen that the evolution of Degenerative Joint Disease is negative, and it is expected, therefore, greater impairment of the joint structures as greater pain the time that the triggering factor, disc displacement, is present.