Resumo:
Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC) is a benign lesion and the subject of discussions due to its
behavior. Although many studies in Brazil focused on OKC, most of them consist of case
reports or series, which are not capable of tracing the real profile of this lesion in the Brazilian
population, especially in relation to syndromic lesions. This study aims to describe the
sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of this lesion in a multicentric sample from
Brazil. This retrospective and descriptive study analyzed variables related to sex, age, and
presence of multiple lesions in 1253 individuals followed up at 10 Brazilian Oral and
Maxillofacial Pathology Centers. Of the 1442 lesions from these individuals, information on
clinical diagnosis, size, location, radiographic appearance, signs, symptoms, types of biopsy,
treatments performed, and recurrences were analyzed and correlated. The clinical diagnosis of
QO was the most pointed out. In the syndromic and non-syndromic groups, a similarity was
observed in terms of sex distribution, with a median age of 32 years in the non-syndromic
group and 17.5 in the syndromic group. In both spectra and recurrent cases, the posterior
region of the mandible was the most affected site, with small and large lesions. The unilocular
aspect was the most frequent in the total sample, including recurrent cases; this aspect was
mainly linked to small lesions. Signs and symptoms were poorly described on the records, but
they were absent in most reported cases. Conservative treatment was the most performed in
all age groups, regardless of the patient's condition and recurrences, with combined
enucleation as the main treatment for small and large lesions in non-syndromic cases and
isolated curettage for large lesions in syndromic cases. Recurrences were infrequent and,
when they are present, were predominant in adults, with no difference in sex, with a mean
interval of occurrence of 2 years in non-syndromic cases and 1 year in syndromic cases.
