"Oba! morreu um comuna!" redes sociais, fake news e a construção da hegemonia no Brasil pelas novas direitas (2016-2018)

Abstract

This dissertation analyzes the rise of the far right in Brazil between 2016 and 2018, articulating the crisis of hegemony, the reconfiguration of the political field, and the role of digital social networks in shaping new forms of consensus. Drawing on Gramscian concepts of hegemony and counter-hegemony, it examines how the Brazilian New Right was structured in the context of crisis, employing social media pages as Private Apparatuses of Hegemony (APH), in dialogue with the tradition of liberal institutes that, since the 1980s, have sought to produce and disseminate neoliberal and conservative ideas. The corpus of the research encompasses social media pages and posts that mobilize anticommunist, conservative, misogynistic, and religious narratives, articulating discourses aimed at legitimizing authoritarian political projects. More than the mere circulation of fake news, the central concern is to understand how these statements operate in the construction of meaning, in the dispute over consensus, and in the shaping of political subjectivities. The results indicate that such pages functioned as key instruments of mobilization and symbolic dispute, transforming disinformation into a political resource and intensifying the dynamics of democratic crisis in contemporary Brazil between 2016 and 2018.