Localização e saúde na cidade de Salvador

Abstract

The objective of this thesis is to verify the effect of the location of health facilities and their structure on the general mortality rates for children under five years and for amenable mortality among the neighborhoods of the city Salvador. The theory of local public good predicts that the provision of public equipment should occur in a decentralized manner, considering the possibility of congestion in the use of the public good. Thus, a research considers the role of the location of health facilities as an explanatory factor of the local health condition. The methodology is based on the use of a Poisson model of panel data for the years 2000 and 2010. Considering the possible existence of simultaneity between the mortality rate and the location of health facilities, the location of day-care centers, pre-schools and public elementary schools as variable instrumental was used in the identification strategy. The exploratory spatial data analysis methodology also was used to verify the need for spatial autocorrelation modeling of dependent variable mortality rate. The results showed evidence that the spatial distribution of health care facilities contributes to the reduction of mortality in the urban area of city of Salvador.