Decomposição estrutural do emprego no Brasil por grau de escolaridade 2000- 2018

Abstract

This article analyzes the structural changes in employment according to education level in Brazil from 2000 to 2018. Extensive economics literature shows that academic qualifications increase long-term productivity, income, and economic growth. We used the structural decomposition method of employment to assess changes in employment due to labor factors, changes due to technology, and changes due to final demand. Classical multipliers of input-output were also computed to support this analysis. To ensure industry-specific compatibility, we used formal employment data from the Annual Report on Social Information (RAIS). The key results show increased job creation across sectors and education levels (primary, high school, and college) and that the technological factors most influenced this result. Technological progress was suppressed in most areas, regardless of education level. Despite the increase in college-educated workers, the results for the labor factor suggest that employment growth had to keep pace with the rate of product growth.