Cultivos intercalares e controle de plantas daninhas em plantios de maracujá-amarelo

Abstract

This work aimed identifying crops for intercropping and integrated methods for weed control in yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg.) orchard, that will favor its production and profitability. The experiment was set up in May 1999, with the plants being conducted by a vertical support structure with one wire extended 2.0 m above the soil surface, and distributed in a spacing of 2.5 m x 5.0 m. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with four replications and six treatments as follows: T1 – maize (Zea mays L. , cv. BR 106) as intercrop; T2 – bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., cv. Pérola) as intercrop; T3 – pork bean (Canavalia ensiformis L.) in the interspace and hoeing in the plant lines; T4 – pork bean in the interspace and chemical weed control in the plant lines (glyphosate at 1.5 kg./ha); T5 – general chemical weed control (alachlor at 2.8 kg/ha + diuron at 1.2 kg/ha in pre-emergence and glyphosate at 1.5 kg/ha in post-emergence); T6 – control (general hoeing). Data obtained during the harvest period (May 1999 to April 2000) showed no statistical differences among treatments for yield (industry), fruit weight, length and diameter, total soluble solids and total titrable acidity. However, there was a statistical significance for total yield and yield for the fresh fruit market, with best results for bean as intercrop, giving a passion fruit yield of 12.82 t/ha. Both bean and maize should be recommended as intercrops during the first year of passion fruit cycle. The herbicides used both in pre- and post-emergence were economically viable and did not show toxic effects on the yellow passion fruit plants.