Avaliação das condições e padrões de lançamento de efluentes da aquicultura em viveiro escavado e dos critérios para análise dos pleitos de outorga para diluição de efluentes

Abstract

The granting of the right to use water resources is an important instrument for the management of the Water Resources Policy, as its objective is to guarantee the quantitative and qualitative control of water uses and the effective exercise of rights of access to water. Among the many multiple uses of water, there is aquaculture, which plays an important role in providing high-quality proteins and is the sector that has grown the most in the last 20 years. The expansion of the activity has caused a series of environmental impacts, mainly those related to the inadequate disposal of untreated effluents, contributing to the pollution of water resources. The general objective of this work is to contribute to the improvement of the criteria adopted for granting the release of dilution of aquaculture effluent. It presents an assessment of the conditions and standards for releasing aquaculture effluents and the criteria for analyzing grant requests for effluent dilution, from the 8 Brazilian states that led the aquaculture production ranking in Brazil, in 2022, through the evaluation of current legislation, covering both national and state levels. As a result, it was identified that among the 8 states studied, only Paraná and Ceará have specific legislation on the conditions and standards for releasing aquaculture effluents, of which the parameters adopted and the maximum value for releasing the effluents were analyzed. effluents for aquaculture activities. Regarding the effectiveness of these management instruments, the concentrations of the standards, quantification of the parameters adopted in each state and the maximum concentrations most used were compared. With all the data generated, a draft technical note was prepared with proposals for improving the conditions and standards for releasing effluents and the criteria adopted for the analysis of grant applications for the dilution of aquaculture effluents in excavated ponds. In order to contribute to the management and regulation of water resources.