Projeto de saídas de emergência em edifícios altos: integração de tecnologias e parâmetros de desempenho

Abstract

This work aims to develop a methodology that uses new computational simulation approaches, in accordance with Brazilian legislation, to improve the design of emergency exits in high-rise buildings and increase the efficiency of fire protection systems. The research discusses, from a historical perspective, the evolution of passive protection systems, focusing on evacuation systems, and addresses current challenges such as the increased population to be evacuated, the time required for evacuation, high fire load, and building density in high-rise buildings. The thesis covers protection models, regulation, and standardization of fire safety in Brazil, synthesizing existing prescriptive parameters and associating them with a performance-based approach. Through simulations, the work presents a methodology for assessing the safety of evacuation systems in high- rise buildings by comparing evacuation time in emergency situations and the fire resistance of compartmentation barriers, based on performance criteria. It concludes that the method is efficient in integrating computational technologies, significantly improving fire safety in high-rise buildings, validating prescriptive models, allowing for the safe adaptation of existing buildings, and developing innovative solutions for new buildings.