(Des)construções subjetivas da maternidade por mulheres com histórico de perdas perinatais em um hospital universitário: um estudo psicanalítico

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze, through clinical listening to women in a University Hospital of the Unified Health System (SUS), how the relationship established with motherhood is affected by the experience of perinatal losses, in order to clarify the crossings of this experience in the formation of new coordinates of the desire for motherhood in a context in which biological and social reproduction undergoes significant changes. To this end, five clinical cases were constructed based on an analysis of the content of the work with medical records and psychological records of patients seen by the researcher. This data was analyzed using the psychoanalytic theory of Freud and Lacan as a reference point. The findings show that experiences of perinatal loss had a strong impact on the subjectivity of the women in this study, who were confronted with circumstances that complicated mourning process, often updated by new encounters with the experiences of motherhood. It could be seen that new pregnancies were experienced by them as a "tightrope walk", in which they tried to balance their desire for motherhood with the fear of repeating the previous experience, often Imaginarized as a lack and/or failure as a woman. The study also discussed the value attributed to the maternal semblance and the impact of its loss, strongly influenced by cultural ideals around motherhood, subjectivized differently by women depending on markers such as class and race. Analytical work proved to be an important way of elaborating these experiences, favouring the singularization of these women's desire for motherhood and their valuable recognition in the parental position. The hope of this study is to expand knowledge about these experiences whose lack of social recognition produces negative psychic impacts, to facilitate the improvement of analytical and multi-professional work aimed at this public in the different stages of their therapeutic itineraries, as well as to stimulate the revision of care practices that do not include the psychosocial relevance of these experiences of loss in decision-making in the field of health care.