Sistema de informações geográficas destinado ao aprimoramento de campanha de vacinação antirrábica animal

Abstract

The rabies is one of the zoonoses with highest impact in public and animal health due to the high letality and costs necessary to human prophylaxis. Nowdays the reintroduction risk of the rabies vírus in urban centers arise with the presence of infected bats whom can transmit the vírus to domestic animals and humans. This current epidemiologic scenario of the rabies has been observed in Salvador with the record of many cases of infected bats during the last years, wich results in the need of avaliation the current methodology applied in campaigns of animal anti rabies vaccination optimizing the vacination coverage of canine and feline population in municipality. The present study aims to evaluate procedures in Geographical Information System applied in anti-rabies campaigns for the purpose to suggest methodology wich can guide the planning and register annual advances in the vaccination coverage in a big city. Were analyzed the spatial distribution of the vaccination posts and the vaccination coverage against rabies virus of dogs and cats in campaigns that occurred in years 2017 and 2018 at municipality of Salvador-BA. An amount of 12 sanitary districts were analyzed wich are: Centro Histórico; Itapagipe, São Caetano / Valéria, Liberdade, Brotas, Barra / Rio Vermelho, Boca do Rio, Itapuã, Cabula / Beirú, Pau da Lima, Subúrbio Ferroviário e Cajazeiras. The animal anti-rabies campaign in 2017 resulted in 117.274 dogs and 45.329 cats vaccinated, distributed in 98 steady posts and 193 moving posts, totaling 291 vaccination spots. In the animal anti-rabies campaign in 2018 were vaccinated 126.728 dogs and 55.099 cats, totaling 181.827 vaccined animals distributed in 114 steady posts and 302 moving posts, totaling 416 vaccination spots. A Kernel density analyze was performed to estimate the populational concentration of dogs and cats, as well as for vaccined animals concentration. In the years 2017 and 2018 was observed that the Zoonosis Control Center of the city Salvador obtained an effective vacinal coverage in relation to areas with high populational concentration of dogs and cats. However adjacent areas to high concentrations of these animals populations can have an improvement in strategies of allocation of the vaccination posts, with reallocation or implantation of new posts. The proposed methodology use well-established free of charge applications (Vicon SAGA e Qgis), applied to field staff and management staff of Zoonosis Control Center, being an useful tool to improving and monitoring of vaccination campaign in urban center, decreasing the subjectives impressions,subsidizing the planning and the resources allocation.