Inovação Tecnologica para o tratamento de feridas complexas em recém-nascidos

Abstract

To develop a device for the treatment of complex wounds in newborns through Negative Pressure Therapy. Technological study focused on the production of equipment. The proposal presented consists in the development of a device that will use negative pressure for the treatment of complex wounds in newborns, here called "Babytec". The study design is structured in two phases and each phase will have interconnected stages. Phases of this study are considered: Phase I, of a qualitative nature, involves the stages of integrative literature reviews, previous research on intellectual property for equipment and coverings available on the market, quality research involving professionals, designated as specialists in the area necessary for the construction of the Quality House and the entire methodological process for structuring the Quality Function Deployment - QFD, described later. Phase II, of a qualitative / quantitative and operational character, involves the assembly and detailing of the QFD, construction of the equipment prototype and creation of the device / wound interface coverage, adaptation to the safety standards required by regulatory legislation and evaluation of the initial tests carried out in bench against the certification of the safety, effectiveness and functionality of the device and, finally, the writing of the patent of the new inventions developed. The results of this thesis were presented in five articles that supported the entire process of construction of the device and its attachments (covers), used in the treatment of complex wounds in newborns. Therefore, they will be presented according to the articles produced. Manuscript 1: Advanced practices in the treatment of complex wounds in newborns: Integrative review, obtained as results that most articles (55%) describe the treatment of complex wounds resulting from malformation of the abdominal wall in newborns; 25% of the articles address the healing of wounds resulting from cardiac surgery due to congenital heart disease; 10% of the studies describe the treatment of ulcerated infantile hemangioma and finally, 10% of the articles address the treatment of necrotic enterocolitis. Manuscript 2: Construction of a device to treat complex wounds in newborns in the light of the Qualit Function Deployment method: The study identifies three important phases for the construction of equipment according to the method discussed, they are: opinion poll with specialists , whose participation involved 20 health professionals working in the field of neonatology, 80% nurses, 10% medical neonatologies and 10% pediatric surgeons. The age range of the participants ranged from 28 to 56 years of age, the length of training ranged from 3 to 31 years and the experience of working in the area ranged from 2 to 31 years. A second phase involving market research, predominantly the functional and structural characteristics of existing devices and finally, the construction of the quality matrix that underlies the development of the new resource created. Manuscript 3: Coverings and products for the treatment of wounds in newborns: Integrative review: In view of the findings, it was possible to identify 16 articles that addressed products and coverings intended for the treatment of wounds in newborns. 11 types of coverings / products and a device using negative pressure therapy were found. Manuscript 4: Strategy and method aimed at developing coverage applied to complex wounds in the newborn: The study included the participation of 20 health professionals working in the field of neonatology, 80% nurses, 10% neonatal doctors and 10% pediatric surgeons. 87.5% of nurses and 100% of doctors and surgeons considered the ability of a dressing to absorb exudate relevant, guarantee the pressure applied on the wound and have impermeability to bacteria. Manuscript 5: Technological innovation and patent writing in the nursing field: device to treat complex wounds in the newborn: The invention has functional characteristics aimed specifically at the neonatal population. The total number of 12,307 patent registrations was found in international databases. The stages for drafting the patent involve presentation of a clear title, good reasoning about the purpose for which the invention is being produced, the state of the art, existing problems and previous research, a summary with the objectives of the invention, concomitant with the descriptions of the solutions, as well as the claims, must be described. Finally, the objective drawings and the final summary. The treatment of wounds in newborns is possible to be performed using equipment that uses negative pressure. The constant evaluation of the pressures used, the monitoring of the temperature of the wound site and the control of exudative losses contribute to maximize the satisfactory responses in the closure of the same in neonates. The nurse develops actions relevant to the process, ranging from the idealization, development, assembly and use of devices that treat complex wounds in the neonatal population.