Associação entre violência familiar, fatores sociodemográficos, clínicos, comportamentais e transtorno mental comum em adolescentes escolares

Abstract

To investigate the association between intrafamily violence and sociodemographic, clinical, behavioral factors and Common Mental Disorder in school adolescents; To outline the sociodemographic profile and lifestyle of school adolescents experiencing intrafamily violence. Refers to a cross-sectional study, carried out in a public school, in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The study sample consisted of 230 school adolescents, ranging in age from 10 to 19 years old, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) categorization. The sample calculation was produced with the statistical package R, version 3.3.1, conceiving the margin of error of 5%, the significance level of 5% and replacement of 20%. A form containing the variables and an SRQ-20 scale was used to assess the CMT. The data were processed using the Stata Program, version 12. The results of the dissertation were presented in 2 manuscripts. Manuscript 1 entitled “Factors associated with the experience of violence in the family by adolescents” is linked to objective 1 of the dissertation: To investigate the association between intrafamily violence and sociodemographic, clinical, behavioral factors and CMD in school adolescents. This population is composed mainly of adolescents aged between 10 and 14 years old (50.9%), self-declared black (78.7%), female (57.8%), who declared they did not have a boyfriend. The study showed a positive association, although without significance between the experience of violence and the following variables: female gender; having a boyfriend; the teenager contributes to the support of the family. The experience of intrafamily violence had a positive association with statistical significance between the variables: CMD and the use of alcohol at some time in life. There is also a positive association, without statistical significance with the variables: alcohol use in the last month; use of cigarettes at some time in life; cigarette use in the last month; use of illicit drugs. In the multivariate analysis there was no positive association, with significance, in any of the variables, however, in the final model the study identified a significant association between the experience of intrafamily violence and the following variables, respectively: CMD and alcohol use at any time. Manuscript 2 entitled “Profile of adolescents experiencing intrafamily violence” is linked to objective 2 of the dissertation: To outline the socio-demographic profile and lifestyle of school adolescents experiencing intrafamily violence. The study population consisted of 145 adolescents, with experience of intrafamily violence, with girls, the group most exposed to the problem (62.1%), self-declared black (77.9%), does not have a boyfriend. According to the behavioral characteristics and lifestyle of these adolescents, 63.5% had CMD, 75.2% stated that they had consumed alcohol (sometime in their lives). The study revealed the profile of adolescents most susceptible to the situation of violence in the domestic environment and even though these (s) adolescents with experience of intrafamily violence are more likely to use alcohol and have CMD compared to those (s) who did not experience the injury, showing the importance of an early action to avoid or mitigate the impacts caused, especially to the mental health of adolescents.