Modelos hidroeconômicos: uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

Hydroeconomic models emerge as systems that integrate elements of hydrological engineering and economic concepts related to water demand and cost. Unlike engineering models that minimize financial costs or economic models such as general equilibrium, profit analysis, input-output analysis, hydroeconomic models allocate or assess water based on the economic values it generates. These models tend to consider numerous variables such as water availability, water demand, water-dependent economic activities, water storage and distribution infrastructures, costs associated with water capture, treatment, and distribution, as well as environmental and social impacts of water-related decisions, among other factors.The purpose of this work is to provide a literature review of these models, presenting their components, design options, types, scales, commonly used software, applications, the issues they address, the political consequences, and implementation challenges. To achieve this goal, a scientific literature review was conducted spanning the years 2000 to 2022. It was possible to describe the characteristics of hydroeconomic model applications. Additionally, it was observed that, despite an increase in studies and research utilizing hydroeconomic modeling in academic literature over the years, the same trend is not reflected in its application among water resource professionals and managers, who tend to either not adopt these systems or express skepticism about their results.