Funcionalidade e formação da macrorregião de Salvador–Feira de Santana.

Abstract

The municipalities of Feira de Santana and Salvador are very relevant to the urban functional dynamics of the state in multiple scales. Given the importance of this articulation, in this thesis, the general objective was to analyze how the functional relations established between the largest regional nodes of the State of Bahia occur, observing how this functional (re)articulation interferes with the spatial (re)organization of Salvador and Feira de Santana. To this end, seeking to guide the reading of the functionalities developed by and from Salvador and Feira de Santana in a multi-scale context, as methodological procedures, a bibliographical research was carried out of works that discuss the theme, as well as the collection of data – on the municipalities under study – referring to population, education, health, internet connection, import and export, municipal gross domestic product indicators and related to the purchase of household appliances, clothing and shoes; as well as those related to road flow in the highways of Salvador and Feira de Santana. Such information was collected in the following databases: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE); Agência Estadual de Regulação de Serviços Públicos de Energia, Transportes e Comunicações da Bahia (AGERBA); Agência Nacional de Telecomunicações (ANATEL); Região de Influência das Cidades (REGIC); and Ministério da Economia. In addition, information regarding the origin of the students from 2014 to 2019 was investigated with the Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana and the Universidade Federal da Bahia; data related to the visits in 2019 were collected with the Hospital Hospital Geral Clériston Andrade, in order to contextualize the formation of the nodes of the bahian urban-functional network; through the Superintendência de Estudos Econômicos e Sociais (SEI) data were acquired concerning the regionalizations that occurred in Bahia; and, in an illustrative way, satellite images provided by MapBiomas platform have been selected. Moreover, in order to overcome the difficulties faced – due to the changes in social interaction resulting from the covid-19 pandemic – for carrying out the predefined interviews, publications from the news sites Acorda Cidade and Correio were used, in addition to an interview with the Coordenação de Planejamento e Articulação Metropolitana (CPAM). As a way to provide analysis and more productive reflections, the compilation of this information was arranged in tables, frames, figures and graphs. Based on the readings and intersections of this repertoire, it is possible to observe that Salvador and Feira de Santana have an alternate functional relationship of dependence/complementarity, especially when the commercial relations established between these municipalities are observed, and also in their interactions with others. In this regard, the urban-functional influence of Salvador and Feira de Santana draws the construction of a macro-region, constituted not through institutional recognition, rather because of the urban-regional dynamics resulting from the functional supply and demand that the municipalities have.