Efeito de diferentes combinações de treinamento multicomponente na função pulmonar, na força de músculos respiratórios e na capacidade aeróbia de indivíduos com doença de Parkinson

Abstract

Introduction: Individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD), still in mild to moderate stages of the disease, may have respiratory changes. To treat these alterations, respiratory muscle training (RMT) has been studied as a treatment for individuals with PD. TMR manages to improve maximum respiratory pressures, at the expense of intensive treatments, which ends up making it difficult for patients to adhere to treatment. Objective: To analyze and compare the effect of two different combinations of multicomponent training on lung function, respiratory muscle strength and functional capacity of individuals with PD in the mild or moderate stages of the disease. Methods: Inspiratory muscle training using the Powerbreathe® apparatus combined with abdominal exercises and resistance training of accessory respiratory muscles were compared. Both resistance training were combined with a 30-minute aerobic training on a stationary bicycle. The protocol, consisting of two weekly sessions, lasted twelve weeks. To assess respiratory function, maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and thoracoabdominal expansion were measured. The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) was also used to assess aerobic capacity. Results: There was a significant increase in MIP and MEP. The other variables did not show significant increments, and no differences were observed between the two types of RMR. Conclusion: The two multicomponent training modalities were able to increase the respiratory muscle strength of individuals with PD in a mild or moderate stage of the disease. Both TMR with Powerbreathe® and abdominal exercises and resistance training of the accessory respiratory muscles, both combined with aerobic training on a stationary bicycle, were performed at a weekly frequency of two days a week.