Cuidado da enfermeira à pessoa idosa com marcapasso cardíaco definitivo na transição hospital-domicílio

Abstract

The growing rate of cardiovascular diseases in Brazil expands the number of hospitalizations and cardiac pacemaker implants. The importance of patient orientation regarding care after the pacemaker implantation is emphasized. In this sense, the transition of care has been highlighted as one of the ways to guarantee continuity of care. The objectives of this research were: General: To apprehend how the nurse's care occurs to the elderly person with a definitive cardiac pacemaker in the hospital-home transition; Specific: 1. Identify which care guidelines the nurses provide the elderly person with a definitive cardiac pacemaker, family and / or caregivers during hospitalization; 2. Identify how nurses insert the family in the guidelines on hospital-home transition care; 3. Describe the facilities and difficulties of the service in the planning and implementation of hospital / home transition care for the elderly with a cardiac pacemaker, family members and / or caregivers. This is a qualitative research, carried out in a philanthropic hospital, in the city of Salvador-BA. The participants were 14 nurses who work in the inpatient units with a surgical and cardiological profile. To collect the testimonies, the semi-structured interview technique was used. The findings were discussed using the collective subject discourse technique. The nurses' insipient knowledge about transition care was identified, and from the perspective of these professionals, the main care related to the elderly with pacemaker consists of guidelines on the use of the pacemaker identification card and care for the surgical wound, disregarding the surgical wound. The other aspects that make up the individual's integrality. It was observed that discharge planning is not initiated at the time of admission by all nurses. From the perspective of the interviewees, the importance of the participation of the family member / caregiver in the care guidelines stands out. It was found that the nursing discharge report is a facilitating instrument for the transition of care. Nurses must be trained with theoretical and practical basis, based on specific knowledge about this implantable electronic cardiac device, in order to minimize the implications regarding the physical, emotional and social aspects involved in the pacemaker implantation process. Thus, the nurse must offer a qualified care transition, aiming to reduce risks, complications and hospital readmissions.