Fatores associados ao elevado tempo em comportamento sedentário em universitários de enfermagem

Abstract

Sedentary behavior (SB) has been associated with chronic disease and all-cause mortality even in sufficiently active people. College students are referred to as a group exposed to SB, but little is known about this behavior in nursing undergraduate students. The aim of the research was to estimate the time nursing undergraduates spend in SB in their daily lives and to examine the association between time in SB and sociodemographic, academic, and behavioral variables. The cross-sectional study was conducted with 286 undergraduate nursing students from a public University, in Bahia. In data collection, a questionnaire was applied to characterize the variables of interest and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The cutoff point ≥8h/day was adopted for high time in SB. The variables were analyzed in absolute and relative frequencies, and age was also analyzed in mean and standard deviation. Prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to analyze the

association between the variables of interest and SB. In the bivariate analysis, Pearson's chi- square test or Fisher's exact test were also used. The variables with p value ≤0.20 were

inserted in the Multiple Logistic Regression model. In the modeling, the backward procedure was used and in the choice of the best model, Akaike's information criterion (AIC) with the lowest value was used. Since high SB time is common in the sample, the Delta estimation method was used for risk correction, obtaining the PR estimates and respective CIs (95%). A statistical significance of 5% was adopted. The prevalence of SB time ≥8h/day was 53.5%. In the bivariate analysis, Pearson's chi-square or Fisher's exact test was also used. The variables with p value ≤0.20 were inserted in the Multiple Logistic Regression model. In modeling, the backward procedure was used and in choosing the best model, Akaike's information criterion (AIC) with the lowest value was used. Since high SB time is common in the sample, the Delta estimation method was used for risk correction, obtaining the PR estimates and respective CIs (95%). A statistical significance of 5% was adopted. The prevalence of SB time ≥8h/day was 53.5%. In multivariate analysis, college students aged ≥25 years spent 33.0% less time in SB ≥ 8h compared with those aged 18-24 years, those with ≥3 hours dedicated to extracurricular studies spent 1.23 times more time in SB ≥ 8h compared with those spending <3 hours, and those taking ≥4 courses in the current semester spent 1.58 times more time in SB ≥ 8h compared with those taking ≤ 3 courses. Furthermore, those who engaged in physical activity <150 min/week spent 1.25 times more time in SB ≥ 8h than those who met the recommendation of ≥150 min/week, and those who used sleep medications spent 1.46 times more time in SB ≥ 8h than those who did not use these drugs. The results highlight the importance of developing health promotion strategies and policies to combat SB in college students, especially for younger students, with a greater accumulation of concomitant subjects, more hours of out-of-class study, insufficient level of physical activity, and taking sleeping medication.