Repercussões do processo de trabalho na saúde de profissionais que atuam em Equipes de Saúde da Família: uma revisão integrativa.

Abstract

The Family Health Strategy (FHS) was adopted by the Ministry of Health to reorganize Primary Health Care in Brazil and redefine the current healthcare model. It presents a work process characterized by interdisciplinary teamwork within a generalist scope, permeated by numerous challenges. Several studies reveal that, due to the characteristics of the work process and working conditions in the FHS, professionals are exposed to experiences of pleasure and suffering that affect their health situation. It can generate satisfaction and a sense of well-being or dissatisfaction that can manifest itself in physical and/or psychological illness. This research sought to analyze the relationships between work processes and the health of professionals in the Family Health (FH) teams. This is an integrative literature review study. The integrative literature review is characterized by being a review method that provides broader information about a given phenomenon, allowing the synthesis of knowledge from the analysis of significant studies. This review was carried out from searches in electronic libraries: Virtual Health Library (VHL), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS) and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (PubMed/MEDLINE/NIH), with the combination of the keywords: Saúde do trabalhador, Estratégia de Saúde da Família, Estratégia Saúde da Família, Programa de Saúde da Família, Programa Saúde da Família, Saúde do profissional, Trabalho, Occupatinal Health e Family Health Strategy. It was observed in the selected studies that the elements of the work process are still not well understood by the users and workers of the FHS, who also face scarcity of material and immaterial resources. This situation reflects negatively on the work process and on the health situation of professionals. However, despite most publications having negative repercussions, beneficial repercussions were also identified, where the work process was not pathogenic. It is concluded, therefore, that the factors that lead to the development and/or suffering in professionals of some Family Health teams (EqSF), can promote pleasure and well-being in workers of other EqSF, which leads us to infer that the intrinsic specificities of each team and its territory of operation are related to the type of repercussion (negative or positive) that the work process has on the health of professionals.