Formação técnica em enfermagem nas escolas do SUS

Abstract

This is a descriptive and exploratory documentary research with a qualitative approach that aimed to analyze how the nursing technical training occurs in the Technical Schools of SUS in the Northeast region, Brazil, as well as to characterize the nursing technical courses of these schools and to know the Political Pedagogical Project and Teaching Plans of these courses. Therefore, the study had as locus, the six Technical Schools of SUS of the Northeast region that offered the technical course in nursing and as data source, their Political Pedagogical Projects and the Teaching plans of the technical courses in nursing. For data collection, three structured scripts were used, consisting of questions related to the characterization of the courses and the pedagogical aspects of the training. The systematization and analysis of the data occurred from the content analysis, in the thematic modality, as referential of Franco, 2012. Three categories emerged, which indicated that the nursing technical training occurs through the integrative approach, which constitutes a pedagogical tendency, a problematized approach, being configured as a methodological path for the teaching-learning process and qualification evaluation, which conformed as a intensifier for achieving the required professional skills. This training points to the commitment with SUS and professional excellence, as it strengthens the integration between teaching-service-community, encourages the student to be proactive in the search for knowledge construction, reference the process of teaching-learning in the real demands of the population and of the health system and potentiates the acquisition and improvement of the necessary competences for the professional practice. The research also pointed out that the courses have convergent characteristics among them, however, the pedagogical documents presented significant fragility regarding their details. It is suggested that further studies be developed in order to deepen the theme and understanding of the object from different perspectives. In addition, it is important to research and discuss nursing technical training, since nursing represents the largest contingent of workers in the health sector and the nursing technician, in particular, corresponds to the largest work force in this field and is one of the main responsibles for providing direct assistance to the individual-family-community