Amianto não: perspectivas para desamiantização e o manejo das telhas de fibrocimento na Universidade Federal da Bahia

Abstract

When studying and analyzing solid waste, the direct relationship between occupational, environmental and health aspects is noted. Solid wastes classified as hazardous, such as those from materials containing asbestos, proven to be harmful to health, are a clear example of this relationship because it is a mineral extracted from nature, which was widely used in the manufacture of various materials, contaminating workers and culminating in a public health issue. Objective: to analyze the existence of prospects for deactivation and the management of asbestos-containing fiber cement tiles in the facilities of the Federal University of Bahia in Salvador / BA, understanding the risk perceptions of those exposed and presenting appropriate methods and technologies for the management of fiber cement tiles from current legislation, standards and technical manuals. Methodology: exploratory study, with a qualitative approach, data collection through semi-structured interviews with roofing workers, servers, students and professors at the University, as well as search for the current legislation associated with the theme. Data analysis used the categorization technique for content analysis. Results: the documentary research revealed that the legal and normative provisions identified, despite presenting guidelines for the management of hazardous solid materials / waste, responsibilities and sanctions, in practice, lack resources and actions to implement them, a policy to encourage deactivation, lack of public areas for final destination and adequate inspection. There was no prospect of deactivation at the University, the invisible risk of those exposed was noted, the need for the Institution to invest in guidelines and protective measures for handling the material and a plan for the progressive deactivation of its facilities. The study showed a worrying scenario for collective health and environmental degradation, but that stimulates the discussion of solutions and developments of new research, exploring the particularities of Public Universities and expanding the research in the national context.