Morbidade referida da disfunção temporomandibular e qualidade de vida em trabalhadores do Tribunal Regional do Trabalho - 5ª Região

Abstract

Introduction: The literature exposes the association between workers' oral health, social and occupational aspects. However, for several professional categories, such as workers in the judicial sector, this information and the occupational risks related to work are little discussed. Objectives: To exploratorily verify factors associated with reported TMD morbidity. We also evaluated, descriptively, the impact of oral conditions on the quality of life of workers who make up the Regional Labor Court, 5th region. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study whose data collection was based on the use of a self-administered instrument adopted by the occupational service and answered by 412 workers between May and November 2019 in addition to the entire year of 2020. The sample was established by convenience, composed of those who answered the instrument within the collection period. The characterization and severity of Temporomandibular Dysfunction were considered from the application of the Fonseca Anamnesic Questionnaire (IAF) where three affirmative answers assigned to the questions on headache report, neck pain, and perceived emotional tension were associated with mild TMD. To identify the severity of impacts on quality of life based on changes associated with the oral and maxillofacial complex, the Oral OIDP (Impacts on Daily Performances) index was applied. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed, and for the latter the Hosmer and Lemeshow chi-square tests with Oddis Ratio calculation were used. Results: Regarding the descriptive analysis, about 54.01% of the workers were female, 80.34% lived in the capital of Bahia, married or with stable union represented 67.48%. As for ethnicity, the majority considered themselves non-white with a percentage of 57.66%. Regarding the degree of dysfunction, it was found that 56.56% of respondents reported no TMD, while 33.25% had symptoms associated with mild TMD, 8.98% moderate TMD and 1.22% severe TMD. It is noteworthy that most participants had at least one annual visit to the dentist. In the bivariate analysis for TMD occurrence, significance (P value < 0.20) was less than 0.20, requiring that the variables gender, marital status, physical activity, medical treatment and regular use of medication were analyzed in the multivariate model. As a result, being female represented 1.84 times more chance of TMD occurrence, as well as not performing regular physical activity (Adjusted OR = 1.89; 1.15- 3.11 95% CI) and being under medical treatment for some general morbidity (Adjusted OR = 1.64; 1.01- 2.67; 95% CI). For the OIDP the vast majority (80%) shared that they did not feel an impact on their daily activities as a result of oral problems. Discussion: The established association agrees with the literature by exposing greater involvement of the female public by the dysfunction, and it is important to mention that no impact on daily activities was reported due to oral changes. Conclusions: These results may highlight the need for further research to identify other factors that may affect the TRT-5 population.