Análise da sobrevida de implantes dentários em maxilas severamente reabsorvidas após reconstrução com enxerto xenógeno: uma serie de casos

Abstract

Tooth loss is a dental condition that affects a representative portion of the Brazilian population, and it is common to find individuals over 50 years who had little access to restorative or rehabilitative dental treatment and who underwent extractions at an early age, consequently, present sequelae of a mutilating treatment, which culminates in severe resorption of the maxillary bones. The advent of technology and the use of biomaterials have contributed to offer different methods for reconstructing the lost bone apparatus; autogenous, xenogenous, and heterogenous bone have been evaluated alone or in association, with evidence of good results and predictability. Currently, xenogeneic bone represents a viable and predictable therapeutic option, due to the ease of acquisition and the possibility of optimizing the surgical procedure, with direct consequences on the reduction of morbidity and surgical time. This research is characterized by a retrospective study of cases and was based on the premise that the articles referring to bone regeneration were limited to only small areas of reconstruction and often associated several types of grafts and alternative techniques. Graft surgeries operated between the years 2011 to 2020 were tabulated and from the 622 grafts 26 operated cases were selected to evaluate the survival of implants installed in severely resorbed maxillae reconstructed exclusively with xenogenous bone, based on the permanence or loss of the implant in the proservation period. A total of 208 implants were installed, and of these implants only 12 failed to osseointegrate, with a statistically significant success rate of 94.2%. The conclusion was reached that the reconstruction technique using only xenografts is reliable and predictable.