O ofício do autor-roteirista de telenovelas da TV Globo no cenário midiático contemporâneo

Abstract

This thesis proposes a study about TV Globo telenovela screenwriters, in the contemporary context of digital ambience. We start from the premise that the changes caused by media convergence influenced the way the authors of this type of television serial fiction conduct their work. The main objective was to understand such effects in the production of telenovelas by the network, with emphasis on the work of author-screenwriters Gloria Perez and Rosane Svartman. From a methodological point of view, the research is exploratory (bibliographic) associated with the application of semi-structured interview, followed by content analysis of a qualitative scope. Regarding the theoretical foundation, it starts from studies by Bourdieu (1989; 1996; 2002) on the notions of field, habitus, trajectory and position of agents in the social space. The concept of the telenovela field, based on the research by Ramos and Ortiz (1989), updated by Souza (2004a) and Rios (2019), is the guiding aspect of the work, which traces a historical panorama since the formation of the field, in the initial decades of its production, until the end of the 2010s, in the refinement and transmediation phase. Thus, the research focuses on media phenomena that characterize convergence, in the period in which television is, as defined by Santos (2018), based on the periodization of Rogers, Epstein and Reeves (2002), in the era of TV IV. These are characteristic points of that era: the migration of television audiences to streaming platforms, new ways of understanding the “spectator” category and the creation of fictional extensions that provide other experiences in the relationship between audiences and content. Then, the category of telenovela author is scrutinized, to clarify the essential aspects that underlie the screenwriter's work in this specific type of serial fiction. For this, possibilities of grouping professionals into generations are articulated, which show the different phases of this type in Brazil, also considering the competitive context between the different production companies. The emphasis is on the last two decades, given that the most substantial changes in the media scenario in focus are evidenced in telefictional works exhibited between 2000 and 2020. Finally, the trajectory and works of authors Gloria Perez and Rosane Svartman are examples of the observed transformations, which revolve around themes, the construction of characters and plots, transmedia experiments and forms of interaction with the public, in digital social networks. It is expected, therefore, to explain the functioning of the main aspects related to the writing of telenovelas and the management of authorship on TV Globo, as well as to understand the specifics of the screenwriter's work, based on their performance in the hierarchical structure that makes up the creative process and shared production of these stories in an industrial context. By proposing to trace the cartography of an epoch, this work presents, as a result, a grounded analysis of the work of the author of telenovelas in contemporaneity.