Manejo terapêutico em indivíduos com comorbidades psiquiátricas dependentes de nicotina: revisão sistemática da literatura

Abstract

Introduction.Smoking is the largest preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in western countries. Thus, it is of great relevance to be aware of the forms of therapeutic care in the nicotine addiction settings - the main alkaloid substance present in the cigarette - and the comorbidities that influence this process. Objectives. To analyze the methods of therapy used in patients with psychiatric disorders that are abusive or are dependent on nicotine. Methods. This is a systematic review of literature based on publications made during the last five years. A search was conducted for articles in PUBMED, SciELO and Bireme using the descriptors "treatment", "therapeutic approach", "nicotine", "smoking cessation", "psychiatric comorbidities", "psychiatric problems", "neuropsychiatric comorbidities", "mental Health concerns ", to identify articles published during the period chosen for this study. Results. 17 articles were found according to the inclusion criteria. After deletion, 8 articles remained. The latter address the forms of treatment and psychiatric comorbidities that may interfere during this process. Conclusion. Traditional therapy focused on the use of medications has positive results in the treatment of smoking cessation, but is still far from achieving the desired results, especially in the specific population of psychiatric patients. In this context, the motivational interview associated with the attempt to treat other health risk behaviors has proved to be an efficient tool to stimulate individuals with psychiatric problems to try to stop smoking.