Competitividade na indústria de construção offshore brasileira

Abstract

Oil exploration activities in the Brazilian pre-salt are in full expansion and have required significant investments in the construction of new offshore production platforms (FPSO), estimated at US$90 billion. These ocean structures are extremely complex, with high added value and their construction, in large part, has been contracted in Asian shipyards. The option of constructions abroad reveals questions about the competitiveness of the national industry and its relationship with the requirements of minimum local content (25%) established by law. This research was based on a consistent critical assessment of the current state of this segment in Brazil, assessing its competitiveness against international competitors. For this purpose, a mathematical modelling of demand forecast for FPSO was developed for the period of 10 years (2021 to 2030), whose result was used in the conversion of the demand forecast of the component parts of the structure, followed by the analysis of the construction industry offshore and definition of competitiveness parameters to meet the expected orders, which resulted in the possible construction of 30 platforms expected by this methodology in the indicated period, according to the current state of the technological art. The economic impacts and need for resources of workers in the possible scenarios of offshore activities in the next 10 years were also evaluated. It appears that the methodology used in this research allowed to generate impressive results, contributing to break the paradigm of the impossibility of offshore construction capacity in Brazil on a scale to meet current national demands, as well as to evaluate the benefits of competitive continuity of this industry for future markets of alternative and renewable energy offshore.