O /S/ em coda silábica no português falado nas comunidades rurais afro-descendentes de Cinzento/Ba e Sapé/BA: uma análise sociolinguística. AS DE CINZENTO-BA E SAPÉ-BA: UMA ANÁLISE SOCIOLINGUÍSTICA

Abstract

The present search aims to analyze the syllabic coda /S/ in the Afro-Brazilian communities of Sapé-Ba and Cinzento-Ba, based on the theoretical principles of Variationist Sociolinguistics (LABOV, 2008 [1972]). The hypothesis that governs this research is that, because of their historical formation, the communities present specificities regarding the studied phenomenon when compared to other varieties of Brazilian Portuguese that do not have the sociolinguistic history of Afro-Brazilian speaking communities. For this research, we analyzed 1200 occurrences of / S / in syllabic coda in the community of Sapé and 1200 in Cinzento, totaling 2400 data. The interviews analyzed are part of the Speech Collection of the Afro-Brazilian Portuguese of the State of Bahia, collected by the Vertentes Project (UFBA). The data were extracted from the informal speech of six men and six women, in each community, with or without five years of schooling, from the indicated localities, randomly chosen according to three age groups: group I, from 20 to 40 years; group II, from 40 to 60 years and group III, more than 60. The occurrences were submitted to the multivariate statistical analysis by the Goldvarb X program. The results show that, in general, alveolar perforation in both Sapé and Cinzento is more used by the speakers of age group I, while erasure is more used by the speakers of the age group III. The palatal realization occurred mainly in the community of Sapé and concentrated in the interior of the vocable. The aspiration occurred in the interior of the vocable and in the end of the vocable followed by a consonant. It is concluded, therefore, that there is a framework of change in progress in Labov's terms (2008 [1972]), since the older speakers of both communities are the ones who most erase the consonant, as opposed to the speakers of age group I, who lead the implementation of the variant considered standard.