O uso de células tronco no tratamento de osteonecrose de cabeça femoral

Abstract

The use of stem cells in the treatment of femoral head osteonecrosis: Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONCF), also known as aseptic necrosis, vascular necrosis or ischemic necrosis of the femoral head is a rare disease that affects young patients and is characterized by the occurrence a necrotic lesion on the femoral head, the mechanical strength of the dead bone loss and femoral head collapse. No specific treatment decreased blood flow in the femoral head causes degeneration of the trabecular architecture, collapse of the subchondral bone and secondary arthrosis, up to 70% of cases. Recent studies show that the treatment of osteonecrosis through the femoral implant stem cells aspirated and percutaneous decompression are promising. Objective: To investigate whether there is evidence in the literature efficacy of treatment using the stem cells in the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Method: This is a literature review based on literature, through consultation papers selected by the search in indexed banks such as Pubmed, Scielo and Bireme, from Medline and Lilacs sources. Result: After research in databases, were seen 23 articles related to the purpose of the study. Of these 9 Tosos met the inclusion criteria and were studied. Discussion: The work suggests that osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONCF) is the result of a combination of genetic predisposition, metabolic factors and local factors. Conclusions: There is evidence of benefits in using stem cells to treat ONCF, particularly in the early stage of the disease. But more studies are needed.