Impacto da hipovitaminose D em pacientes adultos asmáticos: uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease, characterized by reduced airflow and hyperresponsiveness of the lower airways, with bronchial edema, exaggerated mucus production and smooth muscle hypertrophy. It has several causal factors that can aggravate it, and a more current proposal is that poor immunological regulation due to hypovitaminosis D may be one of those responsible for its aggravation. Objective: To identify if there is an association between vitamin D deficiency, pulmonary function, severity and control of asthma. Methodology: Review of available literature in health databases such as Medline (Pubmed), LILACS (Bireme) and Scielo. Results: A search of the MEDLINE, LILACS and SciELO databases was performed through the established descriptors, and a total of 700 articles were found. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, reading of titles, abstracts and integral reading, nine articles were finally selected. Of these, we found some statistically significant associations between hypovitaminosis D and asthma. Discussion: Vitamin D dosage and serum values diverged between the studies, as well as the outcomes evaluated. There was a greater tendency for the reviewed studies to be observational, which may interfere with the results. Conclusion: Despite the associations found, it is extremely important to carry out more longitudinal and interventional studies, which can confirm if hypovitaminosis D interferes with the pathogenesis of asthma.