O caminho da "grande comunidade": reforma educacional e redemocratização burguesa na Bahia (1947-1951)

Abstract

This dissertation analyzes the education reform carried out during the administration of the intellectual Anísio Teixeira in the Secretariat of Education and Public Health of the State of Bahia, during the government of Otávio Mangabeira. The documentary research, supported by the scrutiny of the bibliography on the subject, was dedicated to the analysis of official and personal correspondence of the secretary; speeches, laws and plans that governed the development of the educational policies implemented in the reform, as well as periodicals, statistical surveys and records of administrative actions of the Secretariat of Education. As a result of this exercise, we seek to demonstrate, with emphasis on the performance of intellectual functions by Anísio Teixeira and the demoliberal political elite in Bahia, that the reform was aligned with the objective interests of the state's dominant classes during the re-democratization. The opportunity to lead the democratic transition in the state of Bahia, after the fall of the Estado Novo and the promulgation of the 1946 Constitution, was won by the political representatives of the demoliberals with the victory of Otávio Mangabeira in the 1947 election, with the National Democratic Union (UDN). In this sense, the educational reform was presented as a tool for the capitalist development of Bahia's social formation, towards a society governed by the interests and principles of the liberal-bourgeois model of democracy, whose articulation axes were the proposals of social harmonization and politicaladministrative decentralization of state power, mediated by the imperative of maintaining order as the foundation of democracy and as a limit to the exercise of citizenship.