Continuidades e descontinuidades nas trajetórias de vida de jovens músicos de uma orquestra sinfônica na Bahia

Abstract

All over the world, music education projects have been developed based on the Venezuelan model called El Sistema. In Bahia, the idea of social transformation through music of El Sistema was adapted and originated the Núcleo de Orquestras Juvenis e Infantis da Bahia - NEOJIBA. NEOJIBA is a social program dedicated, as a priority, to the musical education of youth and children in vulnerable socioeconomic conditions, with activities throughout Bahia. The music education activities in the state of Bahia include musical initiation, learning musical instruments, monitoring, and also participation in orchestras or youth and pre-juvenile choirs, which have gained international prominence. Objective: The objective of the present study is to analyze the life trajectories of young musicians in a NEOJIBA youth orchestra, understanding continuities and discontinuities in their experiences with music and with the orchestra. Method: This work is a qualitative, exploratory idiographic and interpretive study. As instruments of data collection, we used a sociodemographic questionnaire, a narrative interview, and a technique called word evocation cards, an adaptation of the drawing cards instrument, which aims at investigating border relations between aspects of a trajectory. Data analisis: The data analysis was based on semiotic cultural psychology and was carried out in a thematic way, based on the following topics: frontiers in the trajectory; bifurcation points; difficulties, and resources used. At this stage, the Trajectory Equifinality Approach (TEA) and the Trajectory Equifinality Model (TEM) were also considered, aiming at understanding the elements of continuity and bifurcation points narrated, emphasizing events located in border zones. Results and discussions: The results point to experiences of self-discovery, enchantment, ambiguities and tensions, related to experiences with music and other individual or collective aspects of each trajectory. The construction of resources, especially in frontier zones, has shown itself to be present in the reduction of ambiguities or in the conciliation of educational experiences, family demands, psychic needs, or even in the face of migration experiences.