Resumo:
AIM: The present study aimed to identify the systemic factors that are associated with
peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis in individuals with implant-supported fixed
prostheses.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, periodontal and periimplant clinical examination were performed on a sample of 71 volunteers. Peri-implant
mucositis was defined as the presence of blending on probing in association with
redness, swelling or suppuration, without bone loss. Peri-implantitis was defined as
radiographic image of bone loss ≥ 3 mm or probing depth ≥ 6 mm, associated with
bleeding and/or suppuration on probing. The systemic factors were evaluated by
clinical examination or questionnaire and included obesity, hormone replacement
therapy, osteopenia and osteoporosis, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia.
Logistic models were applied to assess associations between peri-implant diseases
and systemic factors (p≤0.05).
RESULTS: Mucositis and peri-implantitis were found in 70.4% (n=50) and 15.5%
(n=11) of the sample, respectively. The regression analysis showed that hormone
replacement therapy decreased the risk for peri-implant mucositis (PR = 0.40, 95% CI:
0.21-0.95; p =0.04), whereas systolic hypertension (PR = 4.48, 95% CI: 1.38-35.48; p
= 0.01) increased the risk for peri-implantitis. The other systemic factors were not
associated with peri-implant diseases.
CONCLUSION: Hormone replacement therapy decreased the risk of peri-implant
mucositis, whereas high systolic blood pressure increased the risk of peri-implantitis.
Consequently, patients with high systolic blood pressure should be informed before
implant placement and more frequently re-called for maintenance visits. While hormonal
monitoring may be suggested in women with persistent peri-implant mucositis.
