Resumo:
This dissertation aims to research the formation of the State of Guinea-Bissau and the political challenges after independence. The idea of political independence forged the ethnic unity built during the armed struggle against Portuguese imperialism. This research aims to understand the formation of the State and the challenges it has faced after its political independence. The neoliberal proposal seized from the international community for the free circulation of economic goods, signing bilateral agreements with international partners, especially the World Bank (WB) and the International Monetary Fund, led the country to immerse itself in multiparty democracy, allowing it to use ethnic tendencies taken from the moment when politicians wanted to conquer power. Following this modus operandi since the democratic opening, Guinea-Bissau has gradually experienced moments that mark instability and political crisis that are driven by political ambitions of ethnic instrumentalization in the struggle for power conditioned by the liberalization of the imposed democratic system that should have a different meaning for each social reality. In methodological terms, we used qualitative research, having conducted semi- structured interviews, in addition to having used articles, books, dissertations and theses that discuss themes related to the starting question of this dissertation.
