Resumo:
Thinking about living conditions and health of quilombola communities requires a critical approach between the process of socio-historical formation of these communities and the epidemiological profile and its social determinants. In a context like Brazil's, marked by racism, it is to be expected that the black population is the most affected by inequalities. Furthermore, the situation of social and epidemiological vulnerability of quilombola communities calls special attention. That said, the following thesis has the general objective of analyzing the health characteristics, the sociodemographic profile, the housing conditions, the spatial distribution, as well as the perspectives on the relationship between health and community, of the quilombola population. This is a study that integrates quantitative and qualitative methodologies,
unfolded in three studies: a systematic review in electronic databases of indexed journals, a descriptive population-based study with all individuals from quilombola communities registered in the Unified Registry for Social Programs, and a qualitative study with participants selected by convenience in a quilombola territory in Sergipe. Inconfluence, the results indicated high prevalence rates of some diseases, characteristics that influence the health condition, lifestyle, and sociodemographic aspects of quilombola communities, unquestionable difficulties in access to sanitation, with precarious infrastructure conditions and shortages in the provision of basic services, with direct impacts on the health of this group and the association of health with good nutrition and medical care, by the quilombolas. The expectation that
emerges from this thesis is the broadening of the debate in the field of Public Health, making data on quilombola communities visible, from a horizontal approach to the territory. Moreover, the main elements found represent central points in the discussion about the barriers erected by racism and the limitations imposed by the services for an effective health promotion of this population.
