Políticas públicas para as mulheres: contribuições das escrevivências de mulheres negras para avaliação das políticas de proteção às mulheres em situação de violência em Salvador-BA

Abstract

Killing, raping and mistreating women and girls has taken place naturally in the most diverse societies. Brazil, marked by profound social, gender and racial inequalities, the problems faced by Brazilian women are diverse. Women have been in the movement in defense of public policies for a long time, but they gained more space on the government agenda only recently, after the promulgation of the 1988 Federal Constitution, which guaranteed basic social rights. In this sense, it is worth highlighting that only after the process of national redemocratization and also the international agreements signed with the General Assembly of the United Nations, in 1979, and with the Convention of Belém do Pará, in 1995. As a reflection of these changes, From 2003 onwards, we observed the conception and implementation of protection policies for women with the aim of guaranteeing security, combating, preventing, assisting and guaranteeing rights. Despite these advances, empirical data reveal that the demands of this population, especially those aimed at poor black women, have not been met, effectively and qualitatively. Considering this context, this research focused on evaluating the perception of black women on advances in policies to protect Black Women in Situations of Violence in Salvador-Ba. The interpretative approach of scrivenence – a term coined by Maria Conceição Evaristo – was used as a theoretical-methodological reference, which focuses on recovering the memory of women who experienced, often in silence, situations of violence. The selected narratives respected both the researcher's records/testimonies and incorporated interviews with three black managers who participated/participate in the movement in defense of the aforementioned policies. As a result of this academic effort, it was possible, firstly, to give voice and visibility to the suffering experienced by the selected writers, black and poor women. Secondly, based on the recovered narratives, it was possible to reconstruct the conception, institutionalization and execution of women's protection policies in Brazil, in order to observe their advances, limits and perspectives. And, thirdly, it was possible to innovate in the methods of analysis and evaluation of public policies, from the perspective of the beneficiaries, direct and indirect, of these public actions, which allows us to infer that this study brought relevant contributions to the field of study of Public Administration and Society, especially when it comes to the challenges imposed to guarantee protection for racialized and impoverished women.