Quando o pai gesta - vivências de homens transexuais com o ciclo gravídico puerperal

Abstract

This study is part of the Research area: Human Development and Educational Practices in Health and its general objective was to investigate, from a comprehensive and integrative perspective, the scientific evidence and the experiences of trans men/transmasculine people during the pregnancy-puerperal cycle. To achieve this purpose, an integrative literature review was carried out, aiming to understand the available evidence related to pregnancy in trans men within the scope of sexual and reproductive health care. Additionally, a field study was conducted involving five trans men who went through at least one pregnancy, birth and postpartum experience after identifying as trans masculine. The selection of participants was carried out through Instagram, and data collection took place through semi-structured interviews conducted online (Google Meet). The interviews were analyzed using the content analysis technique proposed by Bardin, and the meaning cores derived from this analysis were grouped into categories based on ecosystem theory. From this approach, the following thematic categories were identified: 1) Microsystem - the pregnant woman, the developing baby and partnership; 2) Mesosystemic - the family and health professionals who monitor the pregnancy; 3) Ecosystem - the cis heteronormative logic of health services; 4) Macrosystem - ideologies, cultures and values of society; and 5) Chronosystem - temporal and historical evolution of the entire complex. The results highlight the complexity of the experiences involved in transmasculine pregnancy. The desire to become pregnant and form a family is part of the fulfillment of trans men; however, when experiencing the gestational process, they are faced with challenges related to gender dissidence, anti-transgender stigmas and significant obstacles in accessing health care. The research also highlighted a redefinition of social gender roles, historical and cultural aspects linked to genitals, gender identities and pregnancy. This research highlights its relevance in providing contributions to the field of study, given the scarcity of material published in Brazil on this topic. Furthermore, through the reflections presented, a Technical and Technological Product was developed: the "Guide of Good Practices for Inclusive Care of the Postpartum Pregnancy Cycle of Transsexual Men/Transmasculine People". This Practical Guide aims to offer specific guidelines for the inclusive care of trans men and transmasculine people throughout the pregnancy-puerperal cycle.