Interfaces entre gênero e sofrimento psíquico na vivência de mulheres cisgênero

Abstract

This research falls within the scope of Health Psychology, which constitutes an interdisciplinary field, based on dialogue with the knowledge of feminist thought, gender studies and Psychoanalysis as a theoretical and clinical device. Its thematic focus is the mental health of cisgender women with the aim of analyzing the implications of gender discourses in the production of psychological suffering in women treated at a Regional Health Polyclinic, located in the southwest of Bahia. To this end, a qualitative and exploratory approach was adopted, with a multiple case study design. Eleven cisgender women, aged between 19 and 59, participated in the research. To produce the data, a sociodemographic questionnaire and semi-structured interview were used. The material produced from such instruments was analyzed using the Content Analysis method, by thematic categories, by Laurence Bardin and interpreted based on the theoretical reflections of authors such as Michel Foucault, Judith Butler, Valeska Zanello, Christian Dunker and Vladimir Safatle. The results pointed to the influence of gender values in shaping the psychological suffering experienced by this group of women, intersecting with race/color and class. Data analysis highlights the persistence of gender stereotypes that restrict women's opportunities, perpetuating inequalities and structural violence. It also points to the presence of the maternal device and the loving device in the construction of their subjectivities, configuring points of greater vulnerability to psychological suffering. Due to its qualitative nature and inherent geographic limitations, the study presents limits in terms of the scope and generalization of its results. Therefore, it is necessary to produce research that captures the diversity of women's experiences in different geographic and cultural contexts, which allows us to understand factors that influence mental health, in order to implement public practices and policies that promote gender equity. . The work is part of the Clinical Practices and Mental Health research line of the Professional Postgraduate Program in Health Psychology at IMS/UFBA and resulted in the development of four products: 1) narrative review article of the literature on the mental health of cisgender women ; 2) theoretical article based on the aforementioned authors; 3) empirical research report; 4) proposition of a care guidance instrument in the format of a booklet whose purpose is to improve mental health care practices for cisgender women within the scope of Regional Health Polyclinics in the state of Bahia. This work sought to contribute to an approach that considers gender as an analytical category that must be adopted in the production of scientific knowledge, in health practices, as well as in the planning of public policies aimed at women's mental health.