Identidade ou identidades? A relação identitária das comunidades rurais negras, na Bahia, após aplicação do Artigo 68 da Constituição Federal Brasileira

Abstract

This research aims to evaluate the identity relationship in black rural comunities in Bahia as the clause 68 ADCT (Artigo de Direito Constitucional Transitório) is still in effect. (ADCT stands for Temporary Constitutional Law Clause). This way, through qualitative research of varied methodology, it is intended to analyze the identity(ies) reporte by the individuals who live in black rural Communities of Remaining “Quilombos” in Bahia. First, as a source of investigation, the documentary “Quilombos of Bahia” made in 2004 and directed by Antonio Olavo was used. Second, a brief case study was done about the remaining communities of “quilombos” in Rio de Contas – Bahia., more specifically Barra and Bananal. For that, our ethnographic records proced for a year were used while the project “Ethnobotanic study of quilombo communities confirmed by the Palmares Cultural Foundation in Rio de Contas – Bahia” was in process (2005). Between the two sources, it can be inferred comparatively that the communities experience a shock between the traditional and the “new”. Therefore, as one speaks about black rural communities, identity relationships must be implied, more specifically processes of the same kind, which do not mean one single identity. Three movements of this process stand out among the communities being analyzed: the firts one has its basis on identity of resistance, the second one on a social identity and the last one with the purpose of an identiy inherent to a project.