Análise das exportações marítimas brasileiras a partir do modelo gravitacional

Abstract

The objective of this research is to analyze the effect of transportation cost on the performance of Brazilian maritime exports. The infrastructure and efficiency of the provision of transport services and costs have lately been investigated in the field of transport economics. Brazil performs poorly in terms of transport quality and connectivity and in some other infrastructure-related aspects. Thus, a gravitational econometric model with fixed effects of origin and destination used to measure the effects of transport costs on the weight of exports from Brazilian states. Export data from the 27 states of Brazil with the rest of the world by sea were used for the period from 2013 to 2019. Based on the literature, the distance between the capitals of the states and the ports they handle was used on average 95% of Brazilian exports, and also a set of socioeconomic variables of the states. The results found showed that there is a negative, statistically significant and elastic relationship between the distance and the volume of export weight, meaning that the greater the distance between the state capitals and the ports, the smaller the weight of the export volume.