Gestão ambiental com enfoque nas oportunidades de produção mais limpa no transporte e armazenamento de granéis sólidos no Porto de Aratu

Abstract

This work sought to identify opportunities to implement a Cleaner Production program in the solid bulk storage and loading area at the port terminal in Aratu, Bahia, which is approximately 50 km from the state capital, by evaluating P2 and P+L measures and their methodologies. The geographical location, terrain, and climate of the state of Bahia are favorable to the generation of solar energy. Initially, an exploratory study was carried out to assess the operational process and the possibilities for improvement in the area. It was found that the implementation of the Cleaner Production (P+L) rogram aims to reduce the consumption of natural resources, provide operational gains, economic benefits, and greater competitiveness for the company, as well as improve its image in the market concerning environmental management and quality in the port sector. The main results related to the change in technology are speed and productivity in the operation, guaranteeing the safety and integrity of the employees involved in the storage and loading of solid bulk cargo. Added to the diagnosis carried out at the port is energy efficiency, associated with adapting processes, changing electrical equipment, and applying new procedures. The potential for solar energy generation in the region has been identified, and the company is presenting a proposal for a distributed solar photovoltaic generation system (GDFV), with a payback of just over two years for the project. These, combined with good operating practices (BPO), aim to promote actions to minimize drinking water consumption at the port. The results indicate that the economic feasibility study of this project will enable savings of 12% in the use of drinking water, with an estimated return on investment of 4 years. Energy recovery was also indicated, with the installation of capacitor banks connected to the electrical system. This work reveals that the implementation of the Cleaner Production program at the Aratu port terminal in Bahia not only promotes more efficient environmental management but also offers significant opportunities, including solar energy generation, potable water savings, and energy recovery. These actions not only improve the company's competitiveness but also strengthen its image in the market, while contributing to the preservation of the environment.