Caracterização da microbiota salivar de crianças e adolescentes cardiopatas internados em um hospital de referência em Salvador-ba

Abstract

Patients with heart diseases may have their oral hygiene care neglected due to long periods of hospitalization, making them more exposed to infections. The study aimed to identify in saliva microorganisms expressive for nosocomial infections in children and adolescents with heart disease admitted to a Reference Hospital in Salvador-BA. The study was conducted with children and adolescents up to 18 years of age and three saliva samples were collected with swab in the first 24 hours in the ward and after cardiac surgery in the Intensive Care Unit in the first 24 hours and 48 hours. Clinical examination was performed using the CPOD-D, ceo-d and Visible Plaque Index (VPL), in addition, a study instrument was applied. The collected data were entered into Excel and analysis was performed in SPSS Statistics Program. Frequencies and measures of central tendency and dispersion were calculated and for associations the Chi square test was used observing a 95% CI and p value <0.05. The sample was 50 patients with congenital heart disease with a mean age of 3.63 years (SD=3.93). The mean IPV was 21.20 (SD = 16.61), CPO-D was 0.82 (SD = 1.83) and ceo-d was 1.35 (SD = 1.97). There were altered microbiota in 44% of patients, with Klebsiella pneumoniae being the most prevalent (25%) in the saliva samples and four patients (8%) had nosocomial infections. Being aged ≤ 12 months, presenting SIRS, having MV time ≥ 72 hours and Extracorporeal Circulation (ECC) time ≥ 60 minutes were shown to be associated with altered salivary microbiota (p<0.05). The presence of the dental surgeon in this environment can reduce the number of contaminations by pathogens with potential life-threatening and nosocomial infections, consequently reducing hospital length of stay and hospital costs.