https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ufba/507 Sun, 17 May 2026 13:30:37 GMT 2026-05-17T13:30:37Z http://repositorio.ufba.br:80/xmlui/bitstream/id/34677b80-3d29-430c-a9a1-828b69f28335/logo filosofia e ciências humanas.PNG https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ufba/507 https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44462 Retalhos, costuras e remendos dos ancestrais na literatura negro-brasileira Sacramento, Douglas Santana Ariston Filho, Jesiel Ferreira de Oliveira This thesis is configured as a sacred Opá – an Opá-thesis woven around the theme of death, more specifically the figure of the ancestor, in works by writers of Black-Brazilian Literature: Ponciá Vicêncio, by the Minas Gerais writer Conceição Evaristo (2003); Um defeito de cor, by the Minas Gerais writer Ana Maria Gonçalves (2006); Bará na trilha do vento, by the São Paulo writer Miriam Alves (2015); Torto arado, by the Bahian writer Itamar Vieira Junior (2019); and Um corpo à deriva: dança, by the Minas Gerais writer Edimilson de Almeida Pereira (2020). The aim of this thesis is to analyze the selected novels through the lens of the theme of death, with emphasis on post-mortem instances, the relationship with ancestors and divinities, and the interactions between visible and invisible beings. Thus, the study constructs a reading that links the field of Black literature to the appearance of the ancestor within a post-mortem experience, highlighting its interweaving with diverse Afro-Brazilian religions, as each work mobilizes its own specificities within the narratives constructed. The methodological approach is qualitative and bibliographical, prioritizing works by Black authors and establishing a multidisciplinary dialogue among different fields of knowledge, amalgamating reflections on the literary novels analyzed. To this end, the thesis develops the imagetic construction of the sacred Opá – a garment used in the worship of the male ancestor in Candomblé – as a symbol that articulates the reading of the novels and the dialogue with other artistic languages, especially photography and music. In this way, the thesis dresses the ancestor present in BlackBrazilian literary works, and each section corresponds to a specific Opá, in which the ancestor, endowed with the ritual garment, dances throughout the pages. The dialogue established with the works thus examines the religious specificities of each novel, as well as the ways in which death and post-mortem experience are manifested and how the ancestor moves within each narrative. Universidade Federal da Bahia Tese Thu, 01 Mar 0003 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44462 0003-03-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44459 O EXERCÍCIO PROFISSIONAL DE ASSISTENTES SOCIAIS E A “INCLUSÃO” DAS PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA Xavier, Taís Dias dos Santos; Dias, Taís D. dos Santos Xavier Bastos, Cristiana Mercuri de Almeida This study aims to reflect on the professional practice of social workers from the perspective of defending the rights of people with disabilities, considering the challenges, limitations, and possibilities of action within the scope of Social Assistance Policy. Social workers are understood as being embedded in the contradictions of the capitalist mode of production; therefore, their work—focused on addressing social issues—also faces precarious conditions and tensions between institutional discourse and the lived realities of service users. The study examines social workers’ education and professional practice, highlighting socio-historical determinants and the relative autonomy that allows the category’s ethical-political commitment to the interests of the population served, shaping both limits and possibilities in professional practice. Labor precarization is analyzed as part of the structural transformations of capitalism, affecting both workers and the practice of social work in public policy. Grounded in the historical and theoretical-methodological foundations of Brazilian Social Work, particularly the works of Marilda Iamamoto, Maria Carmelita Yazbek, and other authors linked to the critical tradition, the study reflects on the challenge of being a critical professional committed to human emancipation in a context of commodification of rights and limitations in social policies. It highlights that so-called “inclusion” often takes the form of “integrative exclusion,” discussing structural inequalities, the living conditions of people with disabilities, ableism, and responses generated by social policies as expressions of social issues, especially within the Social Assistance field. The study focuses on social workers’ efforts to ensure the rights of people with disabilities within the Social Assistance Policy framework, emphasizing the professional practice within the Unified Social Assistance System (SUAS) and, in particular, the Family Protection and Comprehensive Care Service (PAIF). It is based on an experience report that illustrates daily activities, institutional limitations, and possible advances in professional practice. The final reflection points out that, although social work faces adverse conditions and structural challenges, it remains a strategic space for resistance and the promotion of social rights. The study reaffirms the importance of a critical professional practice, grounded in Marxist social theory and committed to transforming the conditions that produce and reproduce social exclusions and inequalities. This research is qualitative in nature, with an exploratory and descriptive approach. UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA BAHIA Dissertação Tue, 02 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44459 2025-12-02T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44454 KANT E A PROBLEMÁTICA DO MUNDO REAL BRAGA, DAVID BARROSO ITAPARICA, ANDRÉ LUIS MOTA In order to resolve the conflicts of reason with itself, conflicts that manifest in the contradictions (Widersprüche) of metaphysical castles, Kant undertakes a self-analysis of reason to determine what it can or cannot know independently of the senses and experience. As a result of this self-analysis, he concludes that human reason can only know a priori the form of knowledge, that is, its peculiar way of knowing objects. This leads to a new way of conceiving the real world, as human beings cannot know things as they are in themselves, but only things as they appear (als Erscheinungen), thus modified by the human way of knowing. Although this new way of conceiving the real world fully expresses Transcendental Idealism, the fundamental thesis of the Critique of Pure Reason, it seems to rest on another real world that does not appear but is presupposed as the guarantor of phenomenal reality: the world of things in themselves (Ding an sich selbst). However, as presupposing the reality of things in themselves means both engaging in Transcendental Realism (transzendentaler Realismus) and resurrecting the conflicts of reason, Kant, in the Fourth Paralogism of the first edition of the Critique (1781), argues that the reality of external objects can be testified by mere consciousness (immediate perception), since human beings do not deal with things in themselves but only with phenomena. As, from this perspective, it is not necessary to leave mere consciousness (bloßen Selbstbewußtsein) to prove the reality of external phenomena (KrV, A370; A375), critics of Transcendental Idealism (transzendentalen Idealismus) saw in this thesis a striking similarity between this idealism and Berkeleyan idealism, from which they accused Kant’s philosophy of being solipsistic. In response, Kant, in the Refutation of Idealism, a text included in the second edition of the Critique (1787), states that the empirical determination of existence (internal experience) presupposes something permanent (Beharrliche) external (which is not a representation) as its condition of possibility. From this, he concludes that “the consciousness of my own existence is, simultaneously, an immediate consciousness of the existence of other things exterior to me (anderer Dinge außer mir)” (KrV, B276). Considering this manifest oscillation between defending the external real world now as being constituted exclusively by phenomena (Fourth Paralogism of 1781), now as presupposing things in themselves (Refutation of Idealism), and thus also implying the existence of an external world constituted by things in themselves, the present thesis aims to highlight a conflicting conceptual structure at the core of Transcendental Philosophy (Transzendentalphilosophie) that prevents it from effectively determining the existence of a world of real external objects. This implies concluding that Kant’s theoretical philosophy inevitably and involuntarily leads to skepticism, as it does not allow for a secure judgment about truly external real objects. UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA BAHIA Tese Fri, 23 May 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44454 2025-05-23T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44423 No emaranhado dos trilhos: disputas, resistências e participação social na substituição do trem do Subúrbio Ferroviário de Salvador Coité, Lucas Filipe Souza Arantes, Rafael de Aguiar This Master's Thesis investigates the dynamics and elements of civil society participation in the replacement process of the Railway Suburb train system in Salvador. Situating urban politics as a field of contention, the study adopts a qualitative approach to analyze how civil society actors engaged in the construction of this urban mobility policy. Accordingly, the investigation follows an analytical itinerary to: (i) develop the theoretical-conceptual framework regarding civil society, collective action, and citizenship; (ii) discuss the literature on urban politics and the processes of neoliberalization of governance to understand the structure of disputes and articulate theoretical categories into an analytical model; (iii) examine the trajectory of the train replacement during the Monorail Public-Private Partnership phase, mapping the project designs and interaction repertoires; and (iv) analyze the repertoires, experiences, interpretative frames, and perceptions during the Light Rail Transit (LRT) resumption phase. To operationalize this analysis, the methodology articulates a bibliographic review with documentary research of administrative contracts, projects, bidding processes, reports, research, civil inquiries, and lawsuits, combined with direct observation of public hearings and meetings, as well as semi-structured interviews with community, union, and social movement leaders. The data were systematized, coded, categorized, and interpreted via categorical content analysis. The results demonstrate that the process is marked by the vertical imposition of a technical and market-oriented rationality that disregards preexisting territorial dynamics, triggering the mobilization of a heterogeneous set of actors who employed repertoires of direct action, proximity politics, institutional participation, and legal mobilization to dispute the intervention's direction. It is observed that, during the Monorail phase, strategic interaction with the Public Prosecutor's Office and the production of technical counter-expertise exposed the contract's weaknesses and pressured for transparency. In the current LRT phase, a political opportunity structure more permeable to movement action was identified, due to the project's internalization within State structures. However, the capacity for broader intervention remained restrictive regarding macro-structural aspects. In this vein, collective action exploited fissures to set agendas and achieve material gains, such as the inclusion of structures for cargo transport and commitments to local employability and women's employment. It is concluded, therefore, that the articulation of multiple interaction repertoires, even in the face of governance forms that seek to manage and/or instrumentalize conflict, enables action within windows of opportunity to influence public policy directions, shifting the conflict from the technical dimension of transport to struggles for recognition, permanence, and the defense of ways of life in the territory. Universidade Federal da Bahia Dissertação Fri, 06 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44423 2026-02-06T00:00:00Z