https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/7411 Fri, 17 Apr 2026 02:37:30 GMT 2026-04-17T02:37:30Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44368 Nordeste do Brasil - atualidade de uma velha questão: vicissitudes da teoria do subdesenvolvimento regional no contexto do capitalismo contemporâneo Vidal, Francisco Carlos Baqueiro Santos, Reginaldo Souza En esta disertación se buscó como objetivo principal definir la relevancia actual de la cuestión nordestina, que se entiende bajo la óptica de las desigualdades interregionales brasileñas. Por lo tanto la intención inicial fue aprehender el sentido del fenómeno regional y por lo demás elegir un concepto o noción de región para balizar la propia investigación. Se buscó en seguida caracterizar el histórico proceso de subdesarrollo nordestino en sus varios aspectos. Como uno de los objetivos intermediários más importantes de este estudio se buscó establecer con exactitud los términos de la cuestión regional de acuerdo con marcos teóricos, socioeconómicos y político-institucionales de los años 50 del siglo XX, justamente para hacer las diferencias entre estos términos y otros que también se atribuyen a la cuestión regional, especialmente aquellos que se refieren al período histórico que se extiende desde el final del siglo XIX hasta el inicio de la segunda mitad del siglo XX, y que antecede la fase de la intervención estatal planificada en la problemática regional. La caracterización exacta de estos mismos marcos, para los años 90, se ha tornado fundamental para la determinación del contexto actual en que se mueve la cuestión regional, contexto ese muy distinto de aquél de los años 50 y, quizá, en cierto sentido, diametralmente opuesto. La propia naturaleza del trabajo implicó una investigación esencialmente teórica, realizada en fuentes secundarias. Las conclusiones certifican que la cuestión nordestina, a pesar de no disfrutar actualmente de mayores atenciones por parte del Estado brasileño — consecuencia, en gran medida, de los propios valores dominantes en los cuales se apoyan las políticas públicas —, queda válida, es decir, perfectamente verificable en el ámbito de la persistencia de las grandes desigualdades regionales en el país, tendiendo mismo para su institucionalización, salvo alguna reversión política, en amplio sentido. Universidade Federal da Bahia Dissertação Wed, 25 Jul 2001 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44368 2001-07-25T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44291 Vulnerabilidade do consumidor idoso no uso de serviços financeiros digitais Silva, Adeline Cardoso de Souza Vera, Luciana Alves Rodas Alongside the emergence of new technologies mediating commercial relations in contemporary society, the increase in the Brazilian elderly population implies transformations in the country's consumption patterns. Faced with this trend and the growing digitalization of commercial transactions, this dissertation consists of a qualitative study on the vulnerability of elderly consumers in the use of digital financial services. Conducted in 2025 in the city of Salvador, Bahia, its central objective was to understand how the digitalization of financial services can produce states of vulnerability in elderly female consumers. To this end, semi-structured interviews were conducted with the voluntary participation of thirteen women, aged 80 and over, residing in Salvador, Bahia, and with an income of up to one minimum wage from social security or informal sources of income. The research is justified by the ongoing population aging in the country in conjunction with the increasing digitalization of financial transactions. The collected data were processed and analyzed using thematic analysis. The results showed the prevalence of dependence on family members and bank branches in the financial routines of these consumers. The main barriers encountered for autonomous digital access included low levels of education, limited digital skills, self-perception of incapacity, feelings of insecurity in the digital environment, as well as reduced physical and cognitive capabilities. Coping mechanisms for vulnerability included the termination of banking relationships, dependence on third parties, refusal to use technology, as well as continuous learning, information seeking, security measures in the digital environment, and engagement with digital technologies. Finally, the importance of understanding the needs of older adults in the context of consumption in the face of ongoing population aging is highlighted, aiming at the reformulation of more inclusive public policies and the promotion of actions focused on the well-being and quality of life of the Brazilian elderly population. Universidade Federal da Bahia Dissertação Fri, 06 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44291 2026-02-06T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44290 Gastos com gestão de recursos naturais nos municípios brasileiros e impacto nas eleições no período de 2015 a 2024: uma análise à luz da teoria da Escolha pública Oliveira, Nverson da Cruz Silva, Lindomar Pinto da The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between spending on natural resource management and the political ideologies of Brazilian municipal managers from 2015 to 2024, as well as to analyze the influence of this spending on reelection trends in the 2016 and 2020 elections, in light of Public Choice Theory. The research was based on the central premise of Public Choice Theory, according to which political agents act driven by rational incentives aimed at maximizing political utility, guiding their decisions more by strategic calculations and electoral demands than by ideological convictions. Thus, Brazilian municipalities between 2015 and 2024 were analyzed using panel data techniques and Difference-in-Differences models, evaluating how managers from different ideological spectrums manage environmental spending volumes. The results show that total expenditures influence environmental spending, while party ideology does not show statistical significance. Mayors from the left, center, and right exhibit similar levels of environmental spending, contradicting the expectation that progressive leaders would allocate more resources to the sector. Causal estimates indicate no effect of switching to left-wing mayors on environmental spending. Findings regarding reelection reveal that, although there is a positive association between environmental spending and reelection, this effect is modest when compared to the substantial impact of total expenditures, suggesting that the electorate responds more to broad and visible policies than to specific investments in sustainability. Additionally, content analysis of party platforms shows that all parties incorporate, to a greater or lesser degree, references to the environment, although with different emphases. The left prioritizes normative statements, while center and right-wing parties present a greater volume of mentions distributed among categories of environmental management and territorial sustainability. However, such discursive differences do not translate into practical differences in municipal spending, reinforcing the Public Choice Theory argument that environmental discourses function as instruments of political signaling intended to capture the approval of the median voter, but have a low capacity to guide budgetary decisions. This study contributes to the literature by showing that party ideology, by itself, does not determine environmental spending patterns in Brazilian municipalities. By revealing that managers from different ideological spectrums exhibit similar fiscal behaviors in this domain, the results reinforce the analytical utility of Public Choice Theory. This theory allows us to understand that, in the municipal arena, decisions regarding environmental policy tend to reflect strategic calculations guided by the logic of political self-interest. Thus, Public Choice Theory is confirmed as an interpretative framework to explain why ideological differences declared in party programs do not necessarily translate into material differences in environmental spending, offering a theoretical framework capable of illuminating the practical convergence observed between left-wing, center, and right-wing managers. Universidade Federal da Bahia Tese Fri, 12 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44290 2025-12-12T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44279 Parcerias intersetoriais em inovação social: uma perspectiva entre diferentes atores Jesus, Grayceane Bomfim Santos de Santos, Maria Elisabete Pereira dos Social innovation has been gaining prominence in academic, managerial, and political discussions due to its potential to generate positive social impact and help solve complex societal problems. Although the term has gained relevance in recent years, there is still room for new contributions, so Social innovation has been considered an innovative method that produces goods and services in a participatory way, in order to reduce social inequalities. Because it encompasses complex problems, it has commonly been developed in interaction with various social actors (individuals, organizations, government, universities, among others), organized under different legal types (cooperatives, social organizations, non-profit organizations, private companies, social enterprises, hybrid organizations, among others). These interactions with various actors, within the SI environment, have been studied in the literature as intersectoral partnerships, considered actions, agreements, or networks of collaboration and support between actors from different segments (government, private sector, and third sector). However, despite the literature reporting that social innovation is the result of partnerships between various segments, its internal dynamics and interactions still require further study. This descriptive and exploratory thesis, employing a qualitative analysis approach, discusses how the characteristics, motivations, values, and actions that constitute intersectoral partnerships are articulated in the production of social innovation within the experiences of the Lagoa Mundaú Social Innovation Ecosystem and the Sergipe Women's Solidarity Network. To this end, two social innovation initiatives established in Northeast Brazil (Alagoas and Sergipe) were selected for analysis of the intersectoral partnerships involved. Data collection instruments included documents and semi-structured interviews with managers, partners of the initiatives, and their respective members/beneficiaries. Data processing was carried out through content analysis. This sought elements in the sources of evidence that allowed verification of whether the presented records and discourses are in accordance with the theoretical postulates. The study found that the production of democratic social innovation occurs through the articulation of converging motivations, complementary values and characteristics, and structured actions of intersectoral partners. From this perspective, it is understood that the articulation of these elements does not occur independently, but rather they influence and guide each other, allowing divergences to be transformed into convergences, which, in turn, favors the production of social innovation and the construction of more effective responses to existing demands. It was also possible to infer new constitutive elements of partnerships between various sectors within the scope of social innovation, enabling the construction of future models to be applied within the scope of democratic social innovation. The research advances theoretically by positioning itself within the radical or democratic aspect of social innovation, a still incipient field that diverges from the instrumental/entrepreneurial aspect, predominant in Brazilian literature, and presents empirical relevance by investigating the relationship between intersectoral partnerships and democratic social innovation in initiatives of a local context and in an emerging country (Global South), filling a gap in studies that are mostly concentrated in the Global North. Universidade Federal da Bahia Tese Wed, 07 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44279 2026-01-07T00:00:00Z