https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/1203 Fri, 15 May 2026 19:31:53 GMT 2026-05-15T19:31:53Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44476 O efeito moderador da responsabilidade social corporativa na relação entre conexões políticas, oportunidade de investimento e a tax avoidance. Gonçalves, Fábio do Nascimento Bispo, Jorge de Souza This study examines the relationship between political connections, the set of investment opportunities, and tax avoidance activities, both directly and when moderated by corporate social responsibility (CSR). The research is grounded in the political cost hypothesis of positive accounting theory, as well as stakeholder theory and legitimacy theory. The sample comprises non-financial firms listed on B3 (Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão) over the period from 2013 to 2024. Tax avoidance is proxied by a single variable derived from factor analysis of ETR GAAP, current ETR, TTVA, and TTVAF measures. Political connections are defined as the presence of shareholders, executives, or board members who are concurrently politically exposed people. The set of investment opportunities is also measured through factor analysis of five market-based indicators. The moderating variable, CSR, is constructed based on ESG scores. A quantitative methodology is employed, using panel data regression models for econometric analysis. The results indicate that political connections are positively and significantly associated with tax avoidance, whereas the set of investment opportunities exhibits a smaller and heterogeneous association. CSR disclosure presents a significant moderate effect on the relationship between political connections and tax avoidance, attenuating the intensity of tax reduction strategies associated with the use of political capital. In contrast, the relationship between investment opportunities and tax avoidance remains heterogeneous. Overall, the findings suggest that CSR acts as a mechanism to mitigate political costs and reputational risks, indicating that a commitment to sustainability may reduce corporate tax aggressiveness, including a more restrained use of political channels. This study contributes to the accounting literature by pioneering, in the Brazilian context, the analysis of the role of CSR in the relationship between political connections, investment opportunities, and tax avoidance, while also offering theoretical and practical implications for firms, policymakers, and tax authorities. Universidade Federal da Bahia Dissertação Thu, 12 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44476 2026-02-12T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44452 Os investidores brasileiros reagem de maneira distinta às interrupções de projetos ESG em comparação às interrupções de projetos gerais do negócio? Silva, Mateus Barreto Vieira da Pereira, Antonio Gualberto Introduction: Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) practices have gained a prominent role in investment decisions and in the evaluation of firms by different stakeholders. Although the literature has investigated the effects of adopting these practices, there is still limited evidence on how investors react when ESG initiatives are discontinued. Studies that examine this phenomenon through experimental designs are even scarcer, especially in developing countries, which are characterized by higher market volatility, distinct institutional structures, and less mature capital markets. In this context, the following research question emerges: how do investors react to the interruption of ESG projects compared to the interruption of general business projects, considering the life cycle of the initiatives? Aim: To investigate, through an experimental design, investors’ reactions to the interruption of ESG projects compared to the interruption of general business projects, considering the life cycle of both initiatives. Methodology: The study adopted a 2 × 2 experimental design applied to an initial population of 231 participants classified as investors, consisting of graduate students (lato sensu and stricto sensu) and members of Finance Leagues from universities located in three Brazilian states (Bahia, São Paulo, and Sergipe). After exclusions due to not qualifying as investors or not understanding the experiment, the final sample consisted of 162 participants. The analyses included mean comparison tests, ANOVA, multiple regressions, and tests with moderating variables, aiming to identify the effects of the market, customers, and workers on investors’ reactions. Results: The results indicated that investors react more positively to the launch of conventional business initiatives, possibly because they associate these initiatives with increased financial performance and shareholder returns. Regarding interruptions, the findings show that the discontinuation of ESG projects generates a more negative reaction than the discontinuation of traditional initiatives, suggesting that investors interpret the decision as a waste of resources and as a negative signal to the market and other stakeholders. Furthermore, the interruption may be perceived as a breach of a previously assumed socio-environmental commitment, which triggers ethical and moral judgments. Contributions: The findings contribute to the advancement of the literature on behavioral finance, ESG, and decisionmaking, while also offering practical implications for organizations seeking to align sustainability with value creation. Moreover, the results clarify how distinct types of initiatives are perceived by investors, providing insights for companies, regulators, and policymakers regarding the disclosure and management of socio-environmental practices. Universidade Federal da Bahia Dissertação Mon, 19 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44452 2026-01-19T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44448 Governança e Controladoria Pública Municipal na Bahia: proposição de um modelo conceitual baseado em evidências dos pareceres prévios e no referencial da Controladoria Geral da União Rodrigues, Jadilson Ramos dos Santos Dias Filho, José Maria This dissertation analyzes the role of municipal controllership units in the State of Bahia based on the results of the judgments of public accounts. The study aims to examine the relationship between characteristics of municipal controllership units, socioeconomic indicators of identity territories, gender of the controller, and accounting outcomes, as well as to propose a controllership model for municipalities in Bahia. This is an applied research, with a quantitative approach, descriptive and explanatory objectives, conducted through documentary and ex-post-facto procedures. It uses descriptive statistics, nonparametric tests, Spearman’s correlation, and logistic regression as data analysis techniques. The research universe comprises 1,987 municipal public accounts judged between 2017 and 2021, with the municipalities of the State of Bahia as the locus. The results show weaknesses in municipal public management, concentration of irregularities in accounting, fiscal, and budgetary aspects, predominance of the audit function, and absence of records related to correction and ombudsman functions. Associations are observed between controllership structure, socioeconomic indicators, gender of the controller, and occurrence of irregularities. It is concluded that there is a need to strengthen internal control in municipalities, and a controllership model is proposed, structured in the functions of audit, prevention, correction, and ombudsman, oriented toward improving governance, transparency, and effectiveness in public management. Universidade Federal da Bahia Dissertação Thu, 01 Mar 0031 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44448 0031-03-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44169 A relação entre o nível de escolaridade dos contadores e a qualidade da informação contábil: um estudo nas universidades e institutos federais Silva, Ana Paula Trocoli da Freitas, Sheizi Calheira de The quality of accounting information is understood as a set of attributes, notably the estimation of accruals, which reflect the ability of financial statements to faithfully represent the budgetary and patrimonial performance of public institutions. Outstanding Payables constitute a type of budgetary accrual, corresponding to committed expenditures that may be carried forward to the following fiscal year when not settled, whose management involves varying degrees of discretion. General accountants, by supporting the administration with analyses grounded in regulatory knowledge and accounting evidence, can contribute to the reduction of informational asymmetries, thereby increasing the quality of accounting information.This study aimed to verify whether there is a correlation between the educational level of general accountants of Federal Universities and Institutes and the quality of accounting information, measured by Discretionary Budgetary Accruals (DOA). To achieve this purpose, a descriptive and predominantly quantitative study was conducted, based on data collected through a questionnaire applied to 78 general accountants of the Federal Education Network, complemented by information extracted from financial statements and from the Federal Government’s Integrated System of Financial Administration (SIAFI), which were processed using multiple linear regression. The regression results indicate that the level of education is significantly associated with DOA, showing that professionals with a master’s degree and a second undergraduate degree present a relationship with the reduction of discretionary accruals, suggesting higher accounting quality. These findings reinforce the assumptions of Human Capital Theory and suggest that academic education is associated with greater informational accuracy and the improvement of public management. The analysis, carried out using data from the Federal Education Network as the sample, adds to the literature empirical evidence that may assist managers of public entities in supporting the choice of the professional who will occupy the position of chief accountant, as well as in supporting potential decisions related to the training of public servants. These aspects may, indirectly, contribute to management efficiency and benefit society by seeking to improve the quality of accountability of public education institutions. Universidade Federal da Bahia Dissertação Fri, 19 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/44169 2025-12-19T00:00:00Z